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Sub-headings:

French
German
Indonesian
Italian
Russian
Spanish
Portuguese
On learning to speak, read, and write the Romance language predominantly spoken in Angola, Brazil, Cape Verde, East Timor, Guinea Bissau, Macau (China), Mozambique, Portugal, and São Tomé and Príncipe.

Resources in this category:

A Small Lexicon of Tsalagi Words :: http://public.csusm.edu/guests/raven/cherokee.dir/cherlexi.html
Tsalagi/Cherokee animal names, nouns, adjectives, verbs, names, and other miscellaneous items, compiled by a non-native speaker.
About Japanese Language :: http://japanese.about.com/
Japanese lessons and hundreds of links to more sites about the Japanese language.
The Alternative Dictionaries :: http://www.notam02.no/~hcholm/altlang/
"These pages contain words and expressions you most likely won't find in a normal dictionary" including slang, insults, racial slurs, and terms for bodily functions and sexual acts. "This is an experimental 'internet collaborative project', which means that all entries are made by internet users."
Arabic Audio Page :: http://philae.sas.upenn.edu/Arabic/arabtapes.html
Arabic lessons in RealAudio (.ram) format from the University of Pennsylvania.
Bahasa Indonesia in 7 Days :: http://www.seasite.niu.edu/indonesian/percakapan/indonesia7days/indo7days_fs.htm
If you're only going to need Indonesian for a short period of time, this is the site for you! Learn quick building-blocks of speech that will cut down your need for phrase books and still be easy to learn in a few days.
Beginner Level Japanese Course Home Page :: http://home.threeweb.ad.jp/english/jpncntrl/bgnr_hp.html
"Completely interactive and comprehensive Japanese language study program on the internet. It includes reading, writing, speaking and listening. We have designed our lessons to include a selection of multiple sensory study aids so that you can use the tools which fit your particular study needs."
Ceachtanna Gaeilge: Irish-Language Lessons :: http://www.gael-image.com/doras/ceachtanna/index.html
A set of language lessons for Irish Gaelic. Includes pronunciation guides with RealAudio, grammar, and alphabet notes.
Czech Info Center: Essential Czech Phrases :: http://www.czechinfocenter.com/e.mag/czech/czau.html
Twenty-seven important Czech words and phrases, with English equivalents and sound (.au) files.
English to Portuguese Dictionary :: http://www.if.ufrj.br/general/dictionary.html
Despite its title, this is actually an English-Portuguese glossary for travelers.
The Finnish Language :: http://virtual.finland.fi/netcomm/news/showarticle.asp?intNWSAID=25831
A discussion of some of the features of Finnish that are the most different from English.
Finnish Pronunciation :: http://www.cs.tut.fi/~jkorpela/finnish.pronunciation.html
"How to pronounce Finnish," for English speakers.
Foreign Languages for Travelers :: http://www.travlang.com/languages/
Are you studying a foreign language? Would you like to learn how to say "yes" or "please" in dozens of languages? At the Travlang site, you can listen to basic words and phrases, such as numbers and "thank you," being said in over 60 languages.
GR Junction :: http://home.iprimus.com.au/richwarm/gr/gr.htm
How to read and write Gwoyeu Romatzyh, a method of representing putonghua (Mandarin Chinese) in ASCII text while indicating tones by variations in spelling. This is probably the easiest method of representing Chinese by a Western keyboard.
The Greek Alphabet :: http://www.ibiblio.org/koine/greek/lessons/alphabet.html
Greek letters, their names, equivalent English letters, and tips for pronouncing those letters which are pronounced differently from the equivalent English letters; designed as part of a series of lessons on Koine (New Testament Greek).
Hawaiian Dictionaries :: http://wehewehe.olelo.hawaii.edu/cgi-bin/hdict
Online access to the Pukui/Elbert and Mâmaka Kaiao Hawaiian-English Dictionaries. Enter a word into the text field and receive its meaning.
The Hawaiian Language Web Site :: http://www.geocities.com/~olelo/
Online lessons for beginners, language and cultural links, and pronunciation guides for place names and common words.
Hebrew Alphabet :: http://jewfaq.org/alephbet.htm
An explanation of the "alefbet," or Hebrew alphabet, with pictures of the letters in several different styles of writing and an explanation of their various pronunciations.
Hebrew Language Teachers' Toolbox :: http://www.laits.utexas.edu/hebrew/personal/naph/toolbox.shtml
A collection of tools that Hebrew language teachers might want to use in working with their students and of ideas and suggestions related to the use of technology in the Hebrew classroom.
Hindi 101 at Syracuse University :: http://faculty.maxwell.syr.edu/jishnu/101/default.asp
Language lessons meant to supplement, not replace, real-time instruction. Also includes animated GIFs of how to write Devanagari script.
Hindi Grammar :: http://www.itu.dk/people/pfw/hindi/index.html
A clearly organized collection of notes by a student for students.
Hungarian Lessons for Beginners with Puzzles and Quizzes :: http://www.hungarotips.com/hungarian/b/
Also includes sound files, a discussion of the Hungarian alphabet, and links to a few reference sites.
Hungarian Verbs :: http://garfield.chem.elte.hu/Turanyi/mige.html
Some of the many different verb tenses and forms of Hungarian verbs, provided in a handy chart for students to refer to.
Introduction to Swedish :: http://www2.hhs.se/isa/swedish/default.htm
This online course should help you to start reading and practising Swedish on your own, with the help of a good dictionary. The course presents a brief outline of Swedish grammar, with the emphasis on the spoken, everyday language, and includes 186 speech samples (Wave files in PCM format). The words selected are, with few exceptions, among the most frequent in the Swedish language. No previous knowledge of grammar is required.
Japanese-Online :: http://www.japanese-online.com/
Allows Japanese learners to find and talk to one another, as well as seek language exchange relationships with Japanese speakers, and Japanese speakers to find language exchange partners to study with.
Jennifer's Language Page :: http://www.elite.net/~runner/jennifers/index.htm
"At this site you can learn how to say several words and phrases in hundreds of different languages." The goal of the site is to "include every language, so that people will be able to say at least a few words to anyone they meet, anywhere in the world."
Korean Alphabet, Han Gul :: http://www.geocities.com/Tokyo/Pagoda/1876/hangul.htm
Introduction to the simple and logical Korean alphabet.
Latin Dictionary and Grammar Aid :: http://www.nd.edu/~archives/latgramm.htm
Search for English definitions of 15,600 Latin words. There is also an accompanying alphabetical wordlist and grammar aid, with examples of translations for the various uses of several noun cases, and the endings for regular nouns, adjectives, active verbs, and present participles. Plenty of links to other Latin dictionary and grammar sites are included.
Learn Kiswahili Online :: http://www.geocities.com/bujjadu/
Site for the study of the Swahili language, created by a beginning student.
LEO English-German Dictionary :: http://dict.leo.org/?lang=en&lp=ende&search=
With a collection of more than 200,000 words, one of the largest and most visited online-dictionaries of the World Wide Web.
Lin Yutang's Chinese-English Dictionary of Modern Usage :: http://humanum.arts.cuhk.edu.hk/Lexis/Lindict/
Web version of the original 1972 print version. The online version uses Hanyu Pinyin for romanization, with some Zuyin Fuhao support.
Mohawk Language :: http://www.ohwejagehka.com/moh-body1.htm
Mohawk words and phrases in .ra format.
MTA SZTAKI: English-Hungarian, Hungarian-English Online Dictionary :: http://dict.sztaki.hu/dict_search.php?start=1&F=0&L=ENG:HUN:EngHunDict&O=ENG&F=0
One of the Computer and Automation Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA STZAKI)'s online translating dictionaries.
Native Tongue - The Language of the Hawaiian Islands :: http://www.aloha-hawaii.com/hawaii/native+tongue/
A brief glossary of several Hawaiian words.
Online English to Indonesian to English Dictionary :: http://www.freedict.com/onldict/ind.html
One of freedict's many online dictionaries.
Online English to Portuguese to English Dictionary :: http://www.freedict.com/onldict/por.html
Another online translation dictionary from Freedict.com.
Online Romanian Lessons :: http://www.romanianlessons.com/
A series of lessons created by "two American guys who have a real interest in the Romanian language and people." Includes some sound clips in .wav and .mp3 format.
Passing Phrase: I Want To Learn Hebrew :: http://www.learnhebrew.org.il/
"A passing phrase is all about enhancing your current knowledge of spoken Hebrew in a fun and informal way. [...] Once a week a new and useful Hebrew phrase will be explained in its context." Current week's lesson can be printed or e-mailed; past lessons are archived. From the Jewish Agency for Israel.
Romanian (Limba Românã) :: http://www.omniglot.com/writing/romanian.htm
Learn the Romanian alphabet! (Well, the Romanian modifications of the Roman alphabet.)
Romanian-English-Romanian Dictionary :: http://dictionar.info.uvt.ro/index.php
As it says.
Short Portuguese Lessons :: http://alfarrabio.di.uminho.pt/spl/
Learn a bit of Portuguese online!
Swahili Pronunciation Guide :: http://research.yale.edu/swahili/serve_pages/pronunciation.php
How to pronounce Swahili, with examples in .wav format.
Swedish Grammar :: http://www.lysator.liu.se/language/Languages/Swedish/Grammar.html
"This grammar is (being) written by Leif Stensson, and is a part of the Language and Linguistics pages at the academic computer society Lysator at Linköping University in Sweden." In progress.
Swedish idioms in painfully literal translation :: http://home.swipnet.se/~w-52132/te3a/jokes/idiom.html
"Aficionados of the Swedish language like to collect idioms and amuse each other by translating them literally." Accepts submissions.
The Finnish Language :: http://www.cs.tut.fi/~jkorpela/Finnish.html
A collection of data about Finnish, mostly presented towards English-speakers.
Ukindia - Learn Arabic Page :: http://www.innotts.co.uk/ukindia/zar1.htm
A few basic lessons in learning how to read Arabic.
Useful Expressions and Greetings in 26 Languages :: http://www.nypl.org/branch/central/dlc/df/useful.html
From "Good morning" to "Good night", and "Happy Birthday" to "Happy Anniversary", this is the site where you can learn these useful phrases (and many more!) in twenty-six languages --including Chinese, Danish, Hebrew, Italian, Spanish, Turkish and Vietnamese.
Useful Swahili Words :: http://www.glcom.com/hassan/swahili.html
Learn common Swahili words in this page by a native speaker; pronunciations are offered in .ra and .mp3 formats.
Your Name in Hawaiian :: http://www.e-hawaii.com/fun/hawaiianname/default.htm
Find out the Hawai`ian equivalent of your given name!
Zhongwen.com: Chinese Characters and Culture :: http://zhongwen.com/
"This website counters the simplistic myth of character inferiority by translating traditional Chinese character etymologies into English to show how Chinese themselves have used and understood the symbols they created." All characters in GIF format. Uses frames. Also has lists of Chinese dynasties, Chinese names of famous Chinese-Americans, common Taiwanese pronunciations, and common Chinese surnames, among other things.