Origin and History of the Criminal Justice System
The Criminal justice system is a system that was made to control crime and make punishments to whoever break a law or rule.The beginning of the criminal justice system of the United States goes all the way back when the United States still belonged to the Great Britain.Americans were under Great Britain laws and rules and most of the laws were unfair.After the Revolutionary War and the United States became independent and they needed to create their own types of system to run their country. Today the criminal justice system functions upon the police,the courts, and the corrections, but back then in the beginning of criminal justice people didn’t have this type of structure.They shaped their structure using religion before laws and rules were established in the United States.Population started to increase and soon people had to make laws to uphold values of mortality because religion became less frequent.Due to this change more laws and violations were made.
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Until finally 1938 there were day watchmen in Boston to add to the night watchmen,but since they were two different types of agencies rivieres arose.New York did not want to have this problem so they created the New York Police Department in 1845 where they joined the night and day watchmen.Police were finally distiguished from citizens they got paid and they had uniforms soon other cities like Chicago in 1851,New Orelns in 1852,and Phidelpiha in 1855 followed by making their own police organization by the 1900 almost every city in the Untied Sates had a full time police
The criminal justice system can easily be biased to reflect and support their own self interest. The criminal justice system is the only organization that is able to remove criminals from the streets. Even though it takes many officers to make a difference in a community, there is no assurance that each officer
According to the ACLU, the United States only makes up five percent of the world’s population, yet has 25 percent of the world’s prison population. The U.S. criminal justice system is a system of institutions and practices of the government that have a crucial role of controlling crime, upholding laws and penalties, and control citizens who take advantage of the system. Additionally, the system protects those that face incarceration by protecting citizen’s rights. Citizen’s reserve the right to formulate opinions on the government and these opinions ultimately determine a citizen’s participation in government. In the United States, the criminal justice system is constructed by the legislative branch, which creates the laws, the judicial branch, which enforces the law, and correctional facilities, which teach citizens about their wrong doings and serve time for crimes committed.
Our world is a world full of corruption, with many loopholes that were made for it to continue. Not only is the criminal justice system corrupt but our society is as well. With a corrupt system and society, how are things supposed to get better? This is why reform is a must not just in our system but society as a whole. The way things are done as of now needs a change for the better.
Policing in the United States first began in Boston in 1636, shortly after the development of a police force in England. This level of informal or communal policing was commonly known as the “watch” (Potter, 2013). New York soon followed Boston, creating a watch unit in 1658 and in Philadelphia in 1700. Much of the watchmen were volunteers trying to evade military service or were sentenced to perform night watch as a form or reprimand or punishment. It was not until 1833 that the first day watch was created.
There have been many changes in the area of criminal justice over the years. Many of these changes include privatization, e-corporation and militarization. Change can also be seen through the many different motivational theories that exist and how each one of those affect the criminal justice organization as a whole. It is important to understand what these changes are and how it can lead to a better, or even worse criminal justice
Let us break down what justice is; justice is behaviour that is just or fair. So the justice system is the system that enforces the law which involves apprehending the accused, prosecuting the accused, defending the accused, sentencing and punishing the guilty. The justice system makes sure that every citizen is heard for and is helped according to what has happened to them. The criminal justice system today When a person commits a crime there are different levels of punishment and decision making if a person has committed a minor crime like speeding, littering, shoplifting, prostitution, vandalism being drunk, possession of drugs etc.
The goal of the United States Criminal Justice System is to deliver justice for all. Justice meaning to convict and punish those who are guilty while protecting those who are innocent. On many occasions, the Criminal Justice System has failed to reach this goal by doing the opposite of its purpose and serving injustice. The justice system fails when it allows false arrests, malicious prosecutions and denial of a speedy trial to innocent people. Injustice is an important issue in the United States because it negatively affects the lives of those involved.
The criminal justice system is a complex and challenging system to reform. As S Liu and TC Halliday point out in their 2009 article in Law & Social Inquiry, the criminal justice system has many components that must interact for reform to be successful. These components include the police, the courts, the prosecutors, and the corrections system. In addition, the criminal justice system is influenced by the surrounding politics and
In the criminal justice system, there are three major components. They are the police, the courts, and the corrections. Each one of the components has a role to play in the system. The police are in charge of arresting and investigating crimes. The courts are charged with the responsibility of punishing offenders while the corrections implement the court rulings.
In order to understand the complexity of the criminal justice system, one must be able to identify crime as a whole. Crime is defined as going against the laws of a state or the country. According to Neubauer& Fradella (2014), the criminal justice system is defined as a set of agencies, and processes established by the government; to control crime and impose penalties on the violators of the law. There are two main components of the criminal justice system; mainly the state and the federal justice system. The state justice system handles crimes that have been committed within the boundaries of a particular state.
There are three components that make up the criminal justice system – the police, courts, and correctional facilities – they all work together in order to protect individuals and their rights as a citizen of society to live without the fear of becoming the victim of a crime. Crime, simply put is when a person violates criminal law; the criminal justice system is society’s way of implementing social control. When all three components of the criminal justice work together, it functions almost perfectly. For a person to enter the criminal justice system, the process must begin with the law enforcement.
The most problematic component in the criminal justice system are the courts. The courts were designed to ensure that individuals have a fair trial and that their rights are upheld. The courts act as a bridge between law enforcement and corrections. Courts produce the laws that sentence individuals to correctional facilities and it is the law enforcement 's job to enforce those laws. The actors in the courts such as judges, juries, and public defenders is a reason why courts are the most problematic component in the criminal justice system.
Research has highlighted that in colonial societies like New Zealand and Australia, indigenous people are particularly vulnerable to over-policing (Rowe, 2012). This is suggestive by their over-representation of all stages in the justice system. Furthermore, indigenous or ethnic minorities are often receiving disproportionate attention from the police because of their position in wider society (Rowe, 2012). These groups are not only disproportionately affected by the criminal justice system, they are disproportionately exposed to a range of risk factors relating social, economic and family circumstances (Rowe, 2012). In New Zealand, there is a clear indication of racial police bias in the continuation of over-policing of ethnic-minorities,
Here are some facts: in 2012 the annual cost of placing an offender is prison is eight times the cost to put the same offender on probation (Supervision); 35% of state prison admissions in 2006 were probationer violators by technical violations (Lawrence); over two-third of prison admissions in [California, Orgeon, Texas] are probation or parole violators (Baynes, Chapter 7). What does this illustrate? We, the tax payers, are spending more money to send less violent offenders to prison while taking up space for more violent offenders. The effect of putting probationer violators in prison is increasing prison cost, disrupting the community where the probationer resides and society. Changes need to make in the ways the judicial system impose
Theory: Criminal justice 2 represents reasonable descriptions of reality. This theory approach tries to categorize and classify events in order to recognize the reasons of events, to forecast the way of future events and to know how and why these events take place. It speaks to a sensible and educated figure concerning why things are as they seem and to clarify their underlying nature and importance. The era of hypothetical clarifications is the thing that recognizes a theory of simply an accumulation of war stories and precisely documented encyclopedic accounts. Theory inquires: What is the purpose of the majority of this?