Background
While visiting my friend in the hospital, I hear rumours of a patient who lacks a normal human brain, but otherwise seems to be completely normal. As I over pass two of the doctors, one of them says that “I think it’s pretty clear. Since the patient lacks a normal human brain, she does not have any mental states, since mental states are token-identical to states of the human brain," while the other one seems to argue that “You’re all focused on what’s in her skull. That simply does not matter. Having mental states is not having something that is “a mind. It’s just behaving or being disposed to behave in ways that constitute having mental states.”
Introduction
The following essay explores the three varying theories associated with mental states. The three varying theories that will be touched upon comprise of token-identity theory (identity theory), dualism and eliminative materialism. The objective of this paper is to come to a conclusion that if a patient lacking a normal human brain will have mental states, no mental states or only some kind of mental states and not others. The author of this prompt supports the concept of eliminative materialism and argues that the patient has no mental states. The reasoning behind this choice is demonstrated throughout the paper as it
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While the token-identity theory leads us to believe that the patient lacking a normal brain would have no mental states; dualism argues that since the mind and body are different, the patient is likely to have mental states. In contrast, eliminative materialism totally omits the idea of mental states no matter if a person has a normal brain or lacks a normal brain. This essay expresses eliminative materialism as the best choice to the case of the patient by eliminating the other two theories through reasoning of why the other theories don't fit. As a result, the aim of this essay was to prove that no mental states
A Mental Status Examination (MSE) was completed on Jadine Sawyer to evaluate her level of thinking. This examination was conducted to document how she is feeling with the life changes that are taking place in her life. Jadine’s level of thinking was recorded to provide a diagnoisis to the symptoms she is experiencing. This Mental Status Examination (MSE) also was formulated to provide a treatment plan to better assist the client.
Through analysis of a few of the proposed necessities of personhood–consciousness, intelligence, and self-awareness–the
Conclusion: The mind is substantively different from the body and indeed matter in general. Because in this conception the mind is substantively distinct from the body it becomes plausible for us to doubt the intuitive connection between mind and body. Indeed there are many aspects of the external world that do not appear to have minds and yet appear none the less real in spite of this for example mountains, sticks or lamps, given this we can begin to rationalize that perhaps minds can exist without bodies, and we only lack the capacity to perceive them.
Introduction It seems conceivable for an individual to go through “fission”. Maybe half of an individual’s brain can be kept alive and put in one body, and the other half of an individual’s brain kept alive and put in another body. Parfit envisions this happening to him, and wonders critically about what will happen to him. He proposes three possibilities: he does not survive; he survives as one of the two individuals; and he survives as both “in that he has two bodies and a mind that is divided” (Loux 375).
Assessment of mental status will help to establish whether a mental disorder or other condition requiring the attention of a psychiatric is present. It also helps to collaborate with the patient to develop an initial treatment plan that will foster treatment adherence, with particular consideration of any immediate interventions that maybe needed to address the safety of the patient and others, or if the evaluation is a reassessment of a patient in long-term treatment, to revise the plan of treatment in accordance with the new perspectives gained from the evaluation. 9.5 Current Research. Mental status examination is a term which refers to determining whether a patient is experiencing abnormalities in thinking and reasoning ability, feelings
The argument of whether or not a human has a soul has been argued throughout centuries. Derek Parfit discusses two separate theories of personal identity, Ego Theory and Bundle Theory. The argument of which present a more accurate account of personhood is very hard to determine. The Ego Theory has some flaws such the soul is separate from the body and is a immaterialist object within us. Bundle Theory is reinforced and proven by the split-brain case, however it can lead to the argument that there is no self.
Dissociative Identity Disorder Since the dawn of time the mind has both fascinated and baffled people. Many theories about the mechanics of the mind have come out of this fascination. The mind, in essence, is who we are. The mind stores memories, enables perception, controls judgement, and is “the seat of human consciousness” (Henriques).
In this essay I will be comparing the identity theory to the behaviorist’s theory. Both theories are similar in the sense that they are of the monists (physicalism) view but they do vary in many other ways that I will point out in the duration of my essay. I do believe that the behaviorist theory is the better argument for reasons I will outline in this essay. The identity theory The identity theory refers to the understanding that the mind and the brain are identical.
This thought of theoretical antihumanism clearly rejects the basics of modern philosophy that every human being has an universal essence which is individual. The next course of dislocation to identity is due to Freud’s discovery of unconscious. Individual was considered to be a rational subject with a fixed identity but Freud’s theory said that all desires and identities are due to logic unconscious which is different from logic of reason. Again, the interpretation of his texts has had a great impact on modern thought of identity.
In “An Essay Concerning Human Understanding,” John Locke defines a person’s identity by comparing the similarity between that person’s consciousness at two different times or stages. Specifically, Locke concludes for a person at a given time A to be considered the same person at a previous time B, it is both necessary and sufficient that the person at time A remembers his actions and thoughts at time B. Meanwhile, Thomas Reid criticizes Locke’s conclusion by emphasizing that if consciousness can be temporary, Locke’s identity definition is unstable. One example Reid uses to counter-argue Locke’s identity viewpoint is the brave officer. In this paper, I support Locke’s account of personal identity by explaining Locke’s viewpoint under my personal understanding, showing the weakness in his argument that is challenged by Reid’s brave officer example, and finally suggesting two ways in which Locke could respond to Reid’s counter-argument.
Morton prince M.D wrote the article on Hysteria from the point of view of Dissociated Personality. According to the Columbia Encyclopedia, it was noted that he was an American physician and he specialized in neurology and abnormal psychology, as a physician in Boston and a founder and editor of the Journal of Abnormal Psychology. In addition, he was a leading investigator of pathology of mental disorders and he led and directed the Harvard Psychological Clinic. He was a professor of Diseases of the Nervous System, at Tufts College Medical School. His writing includes The Dissociation of a personality in 1906 and The Unconscious (1914).
The varying types of illness are more closely related than has been pointed out thus far. In some cases determining a difference, or the origins of an illness, be it psycho or socio, would prove impossible. A perfect example of this being Hysteria. Hence it is important to consider that it is of little benefit to determine a difference between the two, but to move forward under the premise that they whilst being represented in different forms, are not as separate as initially supposed. As suggested by William James, the mind and body are not separate, but deeply connected in nature, as if one and the same thing (Shusterman, 2008).
Lacan draw on Schreber’s Memoirs of my Nervous Illness and Freud’s in-depth exploration of the same book for formulating his theory about psychosis. Being distinct from neurosis and perversion, psychosis is brought about by the foreclosure of the master signifier, the Name-of-the-Father. Such a signifier is closely related to language. And it is the malfunction of language as such that leads to psychosis. Fink states “In psychosis, the paternal metaphor fails to function and the structure of language…is not assimilated.
Then, the reaction of the individual would no longer be like that of a "normed self" but varies according to the conditions, his mental faculties, and the beliefs and common knowledge of the moment. In this context, the abnormal does not exist anymore because the possibility of an action not conforming to the "self" is the attestation of its update and that, of course, of its dual, "the other ". Moreover, for Berger and Lukman the product of an institutionalization development remains the construction of social reality. There is no doubt that the distinctive acts of this transformation are the importance of cognition and the absence of institutional structures. As a result, without resorting to structures, direct action on the individual through his cognition is common beliefs and knowledge.
Berne (1964) notes that “In a given individual, a certain pattern corresponds to one state of mind, while another set is related to a different psychic attitude, often inconsistent with the first. These changes and differences give rise to the idea of “ego states” ” (p. 8). This model exhibits how we can transform from a parent, adult and child ego state. These states are easily interchangeable.