In adults, the elbow is the second most dislocated joint in the body, succeeding shoulder dislocations. Most elbow dislocations occur in the posterior direction, which causes a disengagement of the “coronoid process of the ulna from the trochlea of the humerus” (Chicharoen, Kwon, Windle, & Lovato, 2014). Typically, the mechanism of injury is falling on an outstretched hand (FOOSH) with the elbow in an extended position upon impact. For example, an athlete participating in the first practices for two-a-day fall football was running a defensive back contact drill, and upon collision of the ground, the athlete extended his arm to catch himself. This case study, as like many previous athletes, presented with a shortened forearm that was held in …show more content…
The first three days the elbow will be immobilized by hinged braces, plaster cast, and slings at 90 degrees. The pain can be managed by NSAIDS’s, Ice, and IFC, and the athlete should avoid passive elbow ROM. After three days, the athlete will be positioned approximately “30-90 degrees of flexion” in a hinged braced for four to two weeks (Houglum, 2005). The athlete is instructed to increase extension by five degrees and ten degrees of flexion each week. Active movement will be initiated with slow, gradual shoulder isometrics and grip strength. Grip strength exercises can be performed by therapeutic putty, hand grips, therapeutic bands, or isometric contraction exercises. Shoulder isometrics are done along a wall focusing on abduction, extension, and flexion. Isometrics of the elbow include actively pushing against a table, specifically working on flexion, extension, supination, and pronation. However, the athlete should stay away from external rotation and internal rotation to prevent the risk of re-injury. During the acute inflammatory phase of the healing process, modalities that can be utilized to help control pain are ice, interferential current, and effleurage. Grade I and grade II anterior joint mobilization can be performed to help combat pain. Posterior joint mobilizations for the elbow joint would be a contraindication …show more content…
Therapeutic goals for the fourth phase of rehabilitation include using full range of motion and strength capabilities of the entire affected arm, pain-free participation, and restore their functional abilities to pre-injury level. The previously stated isotonic elbow activities should be continuous to maintain strength in the surround musculature. More complex plyometric activity, such as push-ups, BAPS board, UE ladders, and UE step ups, can be used to progress upper extremity stability. Maintaining core strength while injured is a vital key for transitioning back into the desired sport. Ways that core strength can be achieved is by planks, Russian twist, crunches, and leg lifts. Additionally, cardiovascular fitness can be specifically tailored to their sport. In this phase, more sports specific skills are becoming incorporated into the rehabilitation process. Some modalities during this phase, and through returning the athletes to their sport, are a type of warm modality, such as a heat pack before activity, and a cold modality after activity. The athlete may return to play once they have full range of motion, no pain, full strength, true proprioceptive control, and an adequate cardiovascular fitness level (Houglum,
Elbow Injuries Tennis Elbow: This injury is called tennis elbow due to the problem being significant for tennis players. Tennis Elbow is caused by the overuse of the arm, forearm and hand muscles. The abrupt or subtle injury off the muscle or tendon area around the outside of the elbow, is a major contributor to the pain that people who have tennis elbow receives. The area where the muscles and tendons of the forearm attaches to the outside of the bony area (lateral epicondyle) is where it is affected. Tennis players mostly receives this injury on their dominant arm but it can occur or either arm.
However, you shouldn 't completely discard the effectiveness of ice as a short-term or temporary pain management tool. In the beginning, it helps reduce inflammation, but it shouldn 't be used for more than a day or so. Why You Should Avoid Cortisone Injections People with tennis elbow have long turned to cortisone injections to help alleviate the pain. This substance seemingly decreases the pain of tennis elbow, but this is not only a temporary solution: it 's a misleading one. That 's because recent findings have found that cortisone injects don 't actually help tennis elbow.
Place the unaffected hand on the affected elbow, but maintain your body position. Hold for 5-8 seconds. Put back the hand to the ground and pause for 3-5 seconds. Do this also for the other side, using 5-8 repetitions on each side. You will feel the arm that holds the body up as well as your trunk.
Introduction The aim of this review paper is to access the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury of the knee (tibiofemoral) joint, which is a common sport and exercise injury related to the musculoskeletal system. Investigation of the anatomy and physiology of the knee joint, and the diagnosis, etiology, pathophysiology, treatment, rehabilitation and prevention of ACL injuries will provide a descriptive epidemiology. This will aid readers in making informed management and treatment decisions, and guide them to safely perform movements to prevent injury. This review paper will incorporate holistic views on relevant scientific research, including primary resources such as journal articles and lecture notes, which will be cross-referenced
The repetitive stress of utilizing certain muscles year round has led to everlasting affects many athletes are unable to overcome. This has led to many athletes seeking constant medical attention from chiropractors. This discovery by Tommy John has allowed for many skilled chiropractors to recommend to their clients the everlasting affects they may experience from specializing one sport. Along with chiropractors, similar career paths such as doctors have found a manageable solution to repetitive stress on young athletes muscles. The Leners Children Pavillion believes that “if they (Young Athletes) love baseball, they play that sport for two seasons.
For example, if a player were to dislocate an elbow like Malcolm Mitchell recently did in early 2016, that often requires complex dislocation surgery to put the joint back in place, and to repair damage to the blood vessels and nerves in the joint during the
The rehabilitation time is about three months. All muscle strains should be rested and allowed to heal. If the patient continues to play, the condition will worsen. If ignored, a grade one strain has the potential to become a grade two strain or even a complete
If the exact nature of the injury is unclear, at least tell us which shoulder you are referring to and that it is injured, not just that it exists. I should probably ignore it, but these people are professionals. Why aren’t
Muscular Fitness Assessment Headline Summary- As stated in the aerobic assessment, the client’s goals are to increase his aerobic capacity, to do well in the CrossFit open, be better prepared for his job in law enforcement, and live an overall healthier lifestyle. Just as aerobic fitness is essential to these goals muscular fitness is as well. I assessed my client’s upper body strength, lower body strength, lower body endurance, upper body endurance and core endurance. To assess a baseline of muscular strength and endurance for reference when prescribing an exercise program, my client was asked to determine and test to a 1 repetition max on standing overhead press and back squat for muscular strength.
In studying athletic training, I have learned how to integrate external clinical evidence from systematic research, analyze the complex movement and the pathology of injuries and develop effective rehabilitation plans. For
Concurrently, the patients recovered grip strength and could perform high-energy activities.
This is called cardio. Having a strong heart will help you run faster for longer. Baseball helps keep you healthy through
You will need to wear it until your shoulder heals. When the splint or sling is removed, your may have physical therapy to help improve the range of motion in your shoulder joint. HOME CARE INSTRUCTIONS If You Have a Splint or Sling: Wear it as told by your health care provider.
(“Benefits of Sports Medicine”). Even if athletes aren’t hurt we have them do certain exercises to prevent a reoccurring
Dislocation is the term given to the displacement of bones from their normal position, considerable force is needed to do this. The elbow joint is a complex synovial hinge – where the ulnar, radius and humerus articulate. There are three types of dislocation, the range in severity. A simple dislocation is one in which no major bone injury has occurred. Fractures to the radial head and neck, olecranon and distal humeral condyles/epicondyles have been approximated to occur between 5% and 15% of all elbow dislocations (Middleton, 2012).