In the early 1990’s the U.S. Supreme Court case Roper v. Simmons took place and at the same time cases that were similar were also being heard. This case involved the defendant Christopher Simmons, who commited the crime, and Donald P. Roper, the plaintiff, who was the superintendent of Potosi Correctional Center and was representing the state of Missouri. The case would never have happened if it wasn't for the actions of 17-year old Christopher Simmons of Missouri in 1993. Simmons and a couple of his friends concocted a plan to murder Shirley Crook for reasons unknown. Only Simmons and one of his two friends commited it burglarizing Crook’s residence, binding her up and then driving to a state park and throwing her full of life body off a …show more content…
Simmons is just another case during a time every other case involved factors like age and mental state to show how the death penalty was legally wrong. The age of criminals was a major factor to many people in the court system within the years and cases prior to Simmons. During this time the age of someone sentenced to death, like someone who was a juvenile, wasn't violating the constitution. Cases later would help change this, which helps Simmons in not receiving the death penalty. Now in the cases prior to Simmons, most involving mental retardation, were for those people who has low IQ and were considered to be mentally retarded. In Simmons case his age was what caused him to have a metal barrier than most adults, due to factors that his brain was not fully developed at his age and during the time of the …show more content…
In this case the only factor seen as a mitigating circumstance was his age which was the same for the case of Thomason v. Oklahoma. This is where Justice John Paul Stevens states that aspects like “inexperience, less education, less intelligence, emotions, peer pressure, and irresponsibility” were all factors as to why someone who was a juveniles during their crime doesn't deserve the death penalty. The cases dealing with mental retardation of a criminal as well suggest why someone like Simmons shouldn't get the death penalty. In the case of Penry v. Lynaugh a statement is made that says “because of their mental disabilities, mentally retarded people do not possess the level of moral culpability to justify imposing the sentence.” This case as well brings up the national consensus that is against the death penalty which was a factor in the fate of Simmons. Finally in the case of Atkins v. Virginia, which Simmons himself use as a reference for his sentence, this is where we see that the execution of someone considered mentally retarded is cruel and unusual punishment under the eighth
Then bragged to his friends about it because she seen his face. When Simmons was taken into custody, he admitted everything on a videotape. Outcome: Simmons was convicted of first-degree murder and sentenced to death. However, he appealed his conviction twice and the Missouri Supreme Court sentenced him to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole or release except by governor act, while setting aside the death sentence.
In September 1983, an 11 year old female by the name of Sabrina Buie was found dead in a soybean field in Robeson County. She was beaten very bad, She was also raped and suffocated. As days passed , police got noticed that two teenagers could be a prime suspect for the crime. Their names were Henry Lee McCollum age 19, and Leon Brown, who are 15. They also were step brothers.
Also, the defendant interpretation of the Articles I, 15, was misinterpreted. Kinkel stated that the article was cruel and unusual. Judge Haselton pointed out that there might have been a chance of rehabilitation, but he was thinking of the people of Oregon when he passed down his verdict.
The case was then heard before the United States Supreme Court. Four Supreme Court justices, Justice White, Justice Stewart, Justice Blackmun and Justice Stevens all concluded the sentence of death for the crime of rape is grossly disproportionate and excessive punishment is is therefore forbidden by the Eighth Amendment as cruel and unusual punishment (Coker v Georgia, 433 U.S. 584, 1977). There was some variation however, between the other Justice’s sitting in on the ruling.
The question then asked before the justices was whether or not capital punishment for the crime of rape was “cruel and unusual punishment” under the Eighth Amendment. The Court found that the death penalty was not invariably cruel and unusual punishment when referencing the Eighth Amendment. However, in the case of Coker v. Georgia the Court did find that the sentence of death was grossly disproportionate and is an excessive punishment for the crime; therefore, it is forbidden by the Eighth Amendment as cruel and unusual punishment (Brody & Acker, 2010, p. 55). At the time of the case in question, the majority of States had ever authorized the use of death for the offense of rape (Brody & Acker, 2010, p. 55). In the case of Furman v. George, under that ruling most of the capital punishment statues in the United States had become invalidated, including rape
The jury only took 35 minutes to convict Sullivan. Even though there was no physical or biological evidence linking Sullivan to the crime, as well as the lack of testimony from the victim, who was unable to identify her attacker; poor Sullivan was sentenced to life without parole (Agyepong, children left behind
He also tried to reach for a deputy’s gun, in which he again was sentenced to death by lethal injection. Simmons kept waiving his rights to appeal, to try to get away with being “insane”. This shows that he was for sure competent enough to think about those things, so what exactly was wrong with this man? Then finally in 1990, with Simmons accepting his fate, Bill Clinton signed his death warrant for June 25, 1990. This was the fastest sentence to death ever since the death penalty was put into
Justice Breyer, you, should fight to grant certiorari on this case. This is a capital punishment case that shows the risk inherent in having such a penalty. By clinical definition Lizcano would be considered intellectually disabled, however, under Texas law and the use of Briseno factors Lizcano is eligible for execution. This would be a good case for you to take up because; although, it will not completely eradicate capital punishment you will be able to help lessen the number of people who are given the punishment of death. It will also provide a solid argument against the death penalty and the arbitrariness with which it is applied.
In a 5 to 4 decision the courts ruled against Hendricks. The Supreme Courts agreed with the act the definition of mental abnormal is a condition that affects the emotions, and this predispose the person to commit sexual violent acts. This makes the person a menace to society affecting the safety and health of others. Also, the courts said the act was not a criminal proceeding, so double jeopardy and ex post facto is not a factor. Involuntary confinement was not a form of punishment, But The supreme court if agreed that the act made by Kansas would limited offenders eligible for confinements to those that can not control their dangerous situations.
The trial judge imposed the death penalty. Simmons age was not disregarded as a mitigating factor but instead it was considered an aggravating factor. The prosecutor stated; “Age, he says. Think about age. Seventeen years old.
He had so much life to live until it was taken away from the cruel punishment of death penalty some people say he deserved it. That is an example of racial bias a 14 year old african american teen killed by death penalty due to a murder he committed of two young caucasianfemales but George was only 14. Supreme court says if your 15 and under you shouldn’t receive a death penalty because you are not seen as an adult unless your 18 or older 15 and under your still seen as a juvenile. Then why did George stinney get executed ? Is it far that kids have been getting killed by death penalty due to their actions.
This month a Supreme Court Judge from Ohio named Evelyn Stratton said in court that there should be a ban against the death handicap who have committed terrible crimes. Justice Stratton pointed out that people with mental disorders are not to be considered any differently from anybody with a disability or a juvenile who is not capable of fully knowing what they are doing. justice Stratton also added that the United States of America is not a society that wants to be known as one the puts the mentally handicapped to death when they commit a capital crime; this would include people with certain diagnosis like bipolar disorder, depressive disorder or depression, schizophrenia, and delusions or delusional
The Roper vs. Simmons case clearly illustrates that anyone has the capability of being a murderer despite their age. However, the death penalty is considered a form of revenge and is considered ethically wrong. In the United States, it is illegal to punish juveniles for a capital crime. Individuals state that reinforcing capital punishment is a way to get back at the perpetrator, but putting the criminal on death row and killing him/her for what they have done wrong is considered ethically wrong and a form of
In 1993, Christopher Simmons, age 17, and an accomplice plotted, and went through with, the murder of Shirley Crook. He was put on death row for this crime, but he made his way through the courts and eventually won his case (Roper v Simmons, 2005). Simmons argued that offenders under the age of eighteen should not be sentenced to death (Casebriefs). While the crime that he committed was definitely reprehensible, the death penalty for criminals under the age of eighteen are immoral and should not be used. Individuals under the age of eighteen do not have fully developed brains.