One literary term I observed throughout the last two chapters of Grendel is empiricism. Empiricism is a philosophical idea that a person’s knowledge is gained through knowledge. Throughout this book, Grendel has experience knowledge through both mankind and nature. Grendel had viewed his life as meaningless, going to the Danes’ territory and killing everything in sight. The reason he done this is that he felt that their religion shaped into a false reality about God. However, the Shaper dies and are left with a nihilistic view or atheistic view of life. Now, here in the last forefront of Grendel’s last moments with the Danes, he experiences what he believed in mankind. He says, “Tedium is the worst pain. The mind laid out Earth in blocks, and …show more content…
This quote clearly exemplifies empiricism as an experience where Grendel has now found a contrast between knowledge from the world and from one’s individual mind. Throughout the book, Grendel has faced with mankind from the time he was stuck in a trap in Chapter 2 to the Shaper’s death in Chapter 10. Grendel had focused his knowledge on the humans to comprehend his purpose on Earth. Because mankind feared him, he claimed, “Yet I exist, I knew. Then I alone exist, I said” (Gardner, p. 158). Because he has not found their religion amusing, he uses his solipsistic outlook where he can only find meaning. This enforced destruction against Danes in order for them to understand what he had experienced. He found them wise in intelligent thinking, but foolish in claiming truth. Grendel now knows that human experience is failing to perceive the truth about God and life. Another example of Gardner’s use of empiricism is when Grendel fought with this man [we describe him as …show more content…
As this book ends, it questions about if there is life worth living. Mankind today has destroyed the idea of truth their ancestors had created. Without this truth, it becomes harder for people to experience what people went through to find meaning. For example, Dr. King’s legacy would not have influence people today if he had no purpose. His legacy cause today’s people to look at racism as a scar against all races. Grendel’s struggle to find truth had a sad ending where his truth led him to death. People cannot know if there is an afterlife. The living people have no clue on what to look for. The dead has lost its physical existence, but not its truth. Tremendously, there could be a true reality that many people has not experience; the reason is that people cannot look at people’s experiences and see why people believe in different outlooks of life. It is imperative that people start looking towards the glorious life, especially Christians. No matter how life is, there is truth out there waiting for us to experience. However, in order to learn this truth, people must learn from other people’s experience to put the pieces of the puzzle together. In the end, the truth will soon be shown to all people. The question is: will people go towards the light or stay in the
Although Grendel does have a more satire and sarcastic personality, I believe that he is truly sincere in his emotions. He somewhat tends to let other people’s words control his emotions and actions very easily. For example, he let the dragon persuade him that humans were bad and he was being sincere toward the dragon by listening to what he had to say and then believing him.
Up until the end of Chapter 7, Grendel’s actions are influenced by the dragon. He believes nothing matters, there is no good or bad, and everybody eventually dies. The people of Heort know Grendel as a monster and a killer and he lives up to his reputation.
John Gardner's Grendel provides a fascinating penetration into the ineluctable mystery of order and chaos, good and evil, hero and monster, claiming throughout a place for the monster's point of view. Order and chaos can be shown how Grendel causes chaos for his own entertainment whereas the humans try to kill him calm the chaos down and good and evil can also be shown how Grendel views the human’s actions and how the humans view themselves compared to Grendel. The hero and monster reference can be found when Unferth tried to kill Grendel, declaring himself a hero to the land. In Chapter six page seventy-six, Grendel admits he creates chaos for his own pleasure.
In the book, Grendel many theories were introduced. These theories were introduced because of the author, John Gardner, who wanted to go through the main ideas of Western Civilization and because Gardner wanted to relate the book to faith and reason. The theories that Gardner introduced were existentialism, nihilism, anarchy, and modernism. Although the theory that was constantly used by many of the characters was nihilism. Nihilism is a theory that moral principles and beliefs are meaningless and that life is useless and meaningless.
Grendel was a being sung about in the songs of the shaper, who twisted tales to fit his own means. In the song Grendel was made out to be a wretched monster, without intellect, who only sought to kill. This wasn’t the case entirely. Grendel was determined to enter society, to be a part of their gatherings, instead at every turn he was chased away, cursed, and attacked. He was only a monster to those in the mead hall, a beast who could never be a part of them.
Grendel begins attacking the humans, “I eat and laugh until I can barely walk, my chest-hair matted with dribbled blood... my belly rumbles, sick on their sour meat” (Gardner 12). Grendel went from crying for his mother when his foot got stuck in a branch to killing and eating dozens of people. Seeing the events that lead up to this how Grendel did helps us further see the transformation he is making. It’s the isolation from the humans that transforms Grendel, “Not, of course, that I fool myself with thoughts that I'm more noble.
“Swiftly, softly, I will move from bed to bed and destroy them all, swallow every last man.” He kills them because he was affected by the shapers death. Grendel is capable of learning new things.
He asks the cosmos for someone to talk to, but of course receives no answer. Despite his aspirations to philosophical introspection, Grendel is essentially a lonely child looking for a friend. He envies both the Shaper and Hrothgar their companionship, even though he is constantly complaining about their self-deception and futility. Grendel sees the companionship of another as something higher (at least at the moment) than some abstract set of principles by which to live his life. So much for heroism.
To heighten the conflict between Grendel and religion, Grendel is described as “forever opposing the Lord’s will” (Heaney 28-29). In Anglo Saxon Culture, every aspect of society is focused around God. To be anti-religious is to go against all aspects of their society. Grendel is almost a physical manifestation of the devil, and nothing is able to “quench his lust for evil” (Heaney 52-53). The parallel between Grendel and one of the seven deadly sins strengthens his connection to sins against God, and thus more monstrous toward the Danes.
( Gardner 6 ) . The words The Shaper said did not harm him at all . Further when Grendel knew that The Shaper was dead he felt some sort of strange happiness for the first time. To Demonstrate , when Grendel found out The Shaper was dead he said “ I should have captured him , teased him , tormented him , made him a fool like him. I should cracked his skull mid song and sent his blood spraying out wet through the mead hall like a shocking change in the sky “ ( Gardner
Throughout the novel Grendel by John Gardner, Grendel comes across as a ruthless monster who takes pride in murdering others. His actions give the impression that he is an evil figure, but in hindsight he is not as evil as he appears to be. Gardner makes the readers feel sympathy for Grendel because Grendel lives a lonely life, is consistently treated poorly, and attempts to make peace. If Grendel was truly evil, readers would have difficulty having sympathy for him. Therefore, Grendel is not evil and is no different than the rest of humanity.
During these times in winter, humans lose their perseverance and interest in defying Grendel and resort to a more peaceful state. Grendel, although he does not usually raid in the winter, refuses to give them the freedom of not acting and seeks his own entertainment. By mocking the priests beliefs (93), Gardner demonstrates that humans hold on to unrealistic and unreliable faiths in dire situations and are willing to sacrifice their lives for these. Eventually, Grendel knows that he is in fact conquerable by humans and needs to accept their strength and determination. As he does get defeated, it becomes clear that all monsters can be destroyed with the will to do so, and humans have
Grendel is explaining how the animals stare him down and how their eyes are dark like death itself. He is talking about how the
His violent nature grew so much that he became crazy with the need to kill the humans. Therefore, Grendel’s actions reflect that his existence has drifted away from its partially civilized nature and into the barbaric. Grendel had no choice in becoming more beast than human because external forces constantly push him towards that fate. Whether it was the dragon, the actions of the humans, or Grendel’s own unconscious tendencies, he never really had the opportunity to make a choice, human or beast. What Grendel said and thought always clashed with the situations he encountered until there was simply no possibility of becoming the good in the way
John Gardner gave Grendel emotions that the reader was able to see and hear through his own words. Grendel told tales of his childhood causing the reader to become invested in Grendel’s past giving the feeling of a connection. As in the way he describes instances of his imaginative play, “I use to play games when I was young…explored our far-flung underground world in an endless wargame of leaps onto nothing…quick whispered plottings with invisible friends” (Gardner 15). Consequently, this information gives the feeling of sympathy for Grendel, for his lonely childhood and circumstance. Gardner continues to play on the sympathies of the reader after Grendel’s first interaction with the Danes.