How Did The Mongols Affect Europe

The Mongol Empire had created a single economic and cultural world system. In 13 century, the the Mongols had seized nearly the whole Eastern Europe, including now Russia, Ukraine, Romania, Bulgaria and Hungary. Scholars regard the Mongol conquest as one of the most deadliest invasions in human history. The Mongols also called the Tatars, which means Hell in Roman. Historian Brian Landers stated in his book that "The Mongols brought terror to Europe on a scale not seen again until the twentieth century." Despite of their ruthless, the Mongol Empire did has positive impacts on the development of Europe in five different areas, namely political, economic, social, weapons advancement and spread of Christianity due to the Mongol exchange.

First, in political aspects, some said the mongols have a negative impact on Europe , as they changed the political history of Europe, especially of Russia, because of their ruling in conquered countries. Genghis Khan used the psychological warfare, the terror tactics, to deal with the resistance: surrender or die. The Mongols usual policy was slaughtered and depopulated the entire cities that resisted, and

However, by 1000 CE, the European political leaders were already improving and became politically more stable than before because of the Mongol exchange. The Mongols trade from the East to the West, global trade expanded sharply under the Mongol Empire. Exchanges during the Mongol era by the Christian missionaries, Italian merchants and European diplomats. Intellectual exchanges of art and knowledge were continuous. Historian Jack Weatherford stated in his book that “The Mongols made culture portable: it was not enough to merely exchange goods, because whole systems of knowledge had to also be transported in order to use many of the new products” For example, drugs were not profitable unless one knew its medical