I. There are numerous amounts of diseases all over the world. In the present time, these diseases are cured or contained by vaccines. A couple centuries ago, doctor Edward Jenner developed the first vaccine in 1796. He discovered this vaccine by observing his ambiance. Jenner realized that milkmaids (tend to cattle) frequently contracted cowpox, but after they convalesced they were immune to the deadlier disease smallpox. So Jenner said, “Why not infect people with cowpox to confer immunity to the more dangerous disease.” With his research, he got the pus from a milkmaid who had cowpox and put it on a small healthy eight-year-old boys cut. Eventually, the boy was infected with cowpox, how Jenner predicted. When he was done recovering, Jenner …show more content…
Diseases are all over the world and there are copious amounts of them. A. Before scientists discovered what caused diseases, people had no idea what caused these harmful diseases or how to properly treat them. 1. The cause of disease used to be from people thinking they were caused by demons, witches, and miasmas. 2. No one knew how to take care or treat a disease, some of these odd treatments they used actually worked. a. Mint tea could sometimes soothe an upset stomach. b. Some treatments were useless as “Wearing a leather shoestring around your neck to cure a cough.” 3. Diseases are caused by bacteria, which is a single-celled organism. While many people think all bacteria is harmful, there are actually a lot of species of bacteria that are advantageous. 4. The discovery of what causes a disease was made by Louis Pasteur. Pasteur developed the Germ Theory, this states that a microorganism called the “Germ” can cause dangerous diseases. He discovered the germ in a food conversion, the germ was infecting the food and beverages causing people to get …show more content…
In order for vaccines to work appropriately, they have to operate in a very convoluted way to make sure they live up to their standards. 1. Vaccines are developed by using the bacteria’s specimen that has been either killed or damaged which are dissolved in a solution. When the vaccine is injected into the body, the specimen revives that person’s immune system. After being injected, the immune system will now fight against the microbe by forming antibodies. Antibodies counteract with the vaccine and fight off the viruses. Regularly the immune system produces antibodies to fight off viruses, which are cells the immune system produces. 2. The immune system can later in the future recognize the same disease if it comes back and will automatically form antibodies. Unfortunately, there still many diseases for which it is impossible to create vaccines. B. Vaccines are the most beneficial and safest treatment for a disease. There are different kinds of vaccines to treat various amounts of
The vaccines are then injected into the body, where the immune system will see the virus and kill it. Since this virus was already in the body once, the antibodies will remember it and attack it, preventing you from getting sick. A lot of other well-known vaccinations were discussed in this book, however, not all of them came from the WI-38 cell line. Dr. Hayflick also discovered the MRC-5 cell line which was developed from fetal lung tissue. The vaccine for Hepatitis A was developed by the MRC-5 cell line where the incubated virus is purified and then weakened just like the WI-38 cell
He also states, “In life in general, though, one has to understand the enemy in order to beat him, and that’s especially true in medicine” (Diamond 189). Jared Diamond doesn’t exactly think diseases are bad, but wants to know more about how diseases came to be. He starts talking about how diseases came to be in the next few pages, but he says something interesting later on, “For example, in 1837 the Mandan Indian tribe, with one of the most elaborate cultures in our Great Plains contracted smallpox from a steamboat traveling up the Missouri River from St.Louis. The population of one Mandan village plummeted from 2,000 to fewer than 40 within a few weeks” (Diamond 203). Jared Diamond starts to feel that disease had a huge role in driving these societies since it killed off so many people in the New World and most importantly in
Antisepsis wasn’t the only way to prevent illness. By the end of the 18th century people had found a way to try to prevent smallpox, a disease that had caused around 60 million deaths in Europe in that century alone. They had noticed that the survivors of smallpox never developed the disease again, so they began to scratch small pieces of smallpox sores into their skin, which would give them a mild case of smallpox, so they wouldn’t develop full-blown smallpox later. This was called variolation. They only problem was that sometimes it would cause a full-blown case instead of a mild one.
The doctors were unsanitary. They didn’t wash their instruments at all. This caused diseases to quickly spread. But the doctors did a lot for the little amount of knowledge they knew about diseases and their lack of effective medicines. Hospitals were also unsanitary.
They found new medicine to cure diseases and limit child labor laws so children under a certain age wouldn’t have to be forced to work. This new medicine would help children not suffer from smallpox. Smallpox was a disease that would spread like a wildfire that would make your skin itch and turn all red. The creator of the smallpox vaccine was Edward Jenner. There were about 1500 inhabitants who worked in the mills.
The concept behind immunization is to expose those to a very small safe bit of the most dangerous diseases that they may be likely to encounter at any point in life. We also regard protection against those same diseases coming into contact with our bodies. One of the first combined vaccines to be licensed by the FDA. It was put into the routine pediatric care in the 1940s and a staple of preventive service in the United States through 1990. There are four combinations involved in this vaccine.
Breanna Lizzi Professor Shanshala History 101 17 July 2015 The Consequences of the Black Death The Black Death plagued through Europe for several centuries without the people having a means of fighting the disease off. The Black Death was also known as the bubonic plague.
B: Lots of what is put in vaccines is found in other medications or in food. Body2 These illnesses aren’t all that bad. A: The risk of getting really sick from the
The major diseases that affected the people in this assigned population and time period are small pox, measles, malaria, influenza, typhus and numerous of other diseases that killed thousands of people often in tandem. Nonetheless, with the foreigner’s arrival the course of history change; to begin with, the aching bones, high fever, burning chest, abdominal pain, consumption, and the headaches all erupted as signs, symptoms, and threats to mortality (Anderson, 2007, p. 148). However, an ancient idea regarding the causation and spread of diseases contemplated that air did not act as a medium for the spread of disease; rather air itself contained miasma or pollutant. Still, medical science deals with the human body in terms of health and its
It allows your body to learn what they should fight against. However, the vaccine effects will not make you sick, since it’s not an alive germ. As the disease enters the body, it alarms the your defense system and starts to create antibodies to kill the germ. The vaccine strengthens your immune system, so a disease will never infect you even if you come in contact with someone who has one. Having a strong immune system is a crucial part to ensure your children are
Many individuals would get sick and without the proper medicine or cure their chances of survival were slim. Thankfully, scientists began research with the aid of animals. These measures led to several vaccines that would save thousands of lives. Life expectancy rose as the number of vaccines rose. “Millions of people were immunized against smallpox, polio, and major childhood killers such as measles, which in turn, led to a sixty percent increase in children reaching adulthood between 1850-1900” (Living Longer).
Imperialism has affected the world in various ways. Imperialism has many benefits that we still use today. The world wouldn't be as advanced today if it weren't for spread of technology, healthcare, and language. One example is that health care got deadly diseases under control. With language spread, more cultures were influenced.
“To the poor in body and mind superstition is a treasured element in the poetry of life, gilding dull days with exciting marvels and redeeming misery with magic powers and mystic hopes”(Durant 162). Superstition was more than just a concept to the poor; it fueled their daily lives with excitement and gave them hope even in their darkest days. Many lives were affected by superstition in the Elizabethan Era, not only the poor peasants in the cities but even the highest of royalty. In the Elizabethan Era, the poor were in such despair that they would believe almost anything to give them hope. With this, many different superstitions were beginning to emerge into existence.
Vaccines are able to prevent disease in a single child, but their usefulness to society lies in their ability to prevent outbreaks. Vaccines prevent disease through the concept of herd immunity. Herd immunity is the idea that a disease will have a harder time spreading if the majority of the population is unable to contract it (Martinez). For example, if more than 90 percent of people are vaccinated against measles, an outbreak is unlikely to happen even if a person in the community is infected (Oster).