a. What purpose is served in the novel by the presence of Mrs. Hedges? Of Mr. Jones? Of Min?
Mrs. Hedges is a product of the street, learned to conform to the street, and made it work for her success. She attempts to help Lutie, by showing her how not to be a part of “brawling, teeming” (251) life of the street. Mrs. Hedges’ character understands the power that “the street” have over people, and their success, or failure in Harlem. She embraced the reality of “the street.” She actually named ‘the street,” and “separated it from any other street in the city, giving it an identity, unmistakable and apart,” (252).
Mr. Jones is the super of the building and is sexually obsessed with Lutie. He has little respect for women and views them as objects
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Wherever Lutie goes, “The Street” will be her downfall.
• In addition to racism and sexism, what societal forces impact Lutie?
The allusion for most African Americans in the imagery of “the street” is racism, sexism, socio-economic depravity, prison for her son, and gender bias. The street affected every African American in Harlem.
• Further, to what extent are African American children’s life chances today, especially in urban areas, better than Bub’s?
According to Joanna Penn, Journalists Resource- Harvard Study Resource, “children from high-and low-income families tended to be worse growing up in urban areas, particularly those with concentrated poverty, compared with those in suburban or rural areas. 2017 Poverty Fact Sheet – Memphis, Tennessee – states, “Memphis, Tennessee has reclaimed the unfortunate top spot as the poorest MSA in the nation overall and in child poverty. Children continue suffering the greatest rates of poverty in Memphis and in Shelby County. The situation between Bub’s teacher and her students is still apparent in today’s time.
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The contemporary distinctive patterns of segregation and poverty in the United States often relate back to the issue of race. Scholars have looked at the institutional forces that shape differential life outcomes of American racial minorities, particularly African Americans, to explain such patterns. Massey and Denton explore racial residential segregation in the United States throughout the 20th century. They argue that the making and concentration of the (African American) underclass in inner cities resulted from institutional and interpersonal racism in the housing market that perpetuates already existing racial segregation. Amanda Lewis and colleagues adds more insight to Massey and Denton’s investigation with their comprehensive overview
There are many open wounds in the African-American community that have not healed what so ever. Disintegration of family structures in the African-American community has been a persistent problem for far too long. High out of wedlock birth rates, absent fathers, and the lack of a family support network for many young African-Americans have led to serious problems in America's urban areas. The persistence of serious social problems in inner-city areas has led to a tragic perpetuation of racial prejudice as well. African Americans still face a litany of problems in the 21st century today.
(Petry 184). Lutie never stopped thinking in the back of her head about what would happen if she didn’t succeed. She reaches her breaking point when the super attempts to sexually assault her. During this time, women in Harlem were treated under very bad circumstances such as situations like these because people felt they were easy targets. Although Lutie came out of the situation unharmed, her fear increased drastically.
The most relatable archetype in “The Street” is The Road of Trials, which relates most to the short story, because Richard Wright goes through and has to overcome many obstacles in his life. During the short story, Richard’s dad does not return to his family at home, leaving them hungry and hopeless. As a result, the young boy, Richard, is forced to learn how to be independent, gaining the responsibilities of the man of the house. One day, his mother gives him the responsibility to go get groceries; she writes a note, shows him his way, and sends him off. While Richard is on his way to the store, he stumbles upon a group of goons who jump him, taking everything he has, including his spirit.
By starting off with a “cold November wind blowing through 116th street”, Petry established the atmosphere and climate of the city; by the setting’s description, the author is able to establish the relationship between Lutie and her negative surroundings. The author expresses the environment and atmosphere of the city through the wind; by expressing a wind that would “grab hats, pry scarves from around people’s necks, [blow] people’s coats away from their bodies”, Petry is also able to foreshadow the unpleasant environment the character, Lutie Johnson, will endure.
Years have passed but the same obstacles are being faced by African Americans today, as those who have passed. We are still looked at as the less fortunate class and discriminated against. I want you to be better than me at life to know that you can do all things in life if you put your mind to it. I do not want you to be known as the kid from Baltimore because the first two questions majority of people would ask you is “where were you doing the riots” or “how does it feel to live in a city with a high crime rate. These are two questions I get asked all the time because society remembers Baltimore by the riots or the wire.
Kids in the most disadvantaged neighborhood, with low family resources, bad schools, and neighborhoods characterized by violence are the ones who are being punished unfairly and are not given second chances. This is because of the discrimination and the bias of the criminal justice system against poor African-American communities, which represent a concentrated disadvantage in that case. Moreover it affirms the theory that the poor are more likely to get to prison because there is a bias in arrest such as the neighborhood social class that affects the presence of the police and their arrests. In that case 6th street is considered a neighborhood that represents communities that are disadvantaged, and therefore the presence of police is greater than necessary. Instead of having the resources from outside to ameliorate the conditions of the neighborhood and improve schools or academic institutions, the efforts and resources are being invested in the war against crimes, but without giving an alternative solution for their
This has led to a situation where many residents are unable to find stable employment or earn a living wage. Additionally, Memphis has a high rate of single-parent households,
Lutie Johnson, the protagonist in Ann Petry’s novel The Street, is a black women who is influenced by the allure of wealth. Her fascination with money begins as she is forced to find work to support her family. She gets a job as a maid in a wealthy, white residence where she is instilled with the idea that wealth can be attainable by anyone. Lutie fails to realize that wealth is the inseparable wall between the lives of white and black people during the 1940’s.
Economic inequality in the state of Alabama, not just Birmingham, was quite prevalent in 2005, and is still very prevalent today. According to Weinberg in an article published by the United States Census, Alabama was one of seven states that ranked highest in economic inequality. Birmingham, was also one of the highest ranked cities for economic inequality in metropolitan areas of over one million in the United States. On the Gini index scale, which ranks a score of 0 as perfect equality and 1 as inequality, in 2005, Alabama recorded a score of 0.471, while Birmingham ranked slightly higher at a rank of 0.472 (Weinberg). This shows within the median income in Alabama, which in 2005 was $44,759, while the median income of the United States was $56,122, a 20% difference.
Elijah Anderson, a Yale professor, developed the concept or theory entitled the “code of the street” which explains the reasoning for high rates of street violence among African-American juveniles in a Philadelphia community. The “code of the street” is the way of life for many living in poverty-stricken communities which attempt to regulate behaviors. Anderson observed that juveniles in inner-city neighborhoods who are exposed to racial discrimination, economic disadvantages and alienation from mainstream society may lead violent behavior. The strain, social learning, and labeling theories are all directly related to Anderson’s work.
Starr finds herself caught between a delicate balancing act; using slang but not too much, carefully selecting her words and tone (code switching) to avoid being seen as a stereotypical “sassy black girl.” Starr is constantly on a tightrope walk, because she has to balance the authenticity and self-expression of herself, which can be destroyed by social expectations and stereotypes of how she should act or behave. Moreover, this struggle reveals the deeper significance of Garden Heights as a microcosm of a larger society. It mirrors the idea of greater powers taking over and making minorities conform, and there are many examples of this throughout history, a major one being abhorrent slavery of African American peoples. However, all that being said, some members of the Garden Heights community stand with Starr and when she is about to go on trial one of her neighbors states “All right now.”
The socioeconomic condition of African Americans underwent many superficial transformations from 1910 to 1930. Even though phenomena such as the Great Migration and the Harlem Renaissance cannot be discredited; the actual experience of the majority of African Americans remained stagnant. In other words, although the African American population experienced a notable shift from rural to urban and a subsequent cultural awakening in the time period between 1910 and 1930, they remained second-class citizens: confined to racial enclaves resulting from housing segregation and barred from the economic opportunities available to whites. African Americans were universally excluded from the social changes that the rest of the nation experienced during
They may have family members or friends that live in a more urban or “hood” area who influence their lives. They may be stereotyped by their peers at school and in their neighborhood to be a certain way because they are black. The paper will discuss all of these factors and find out what
Growing up in Newark was a death sentence for most educationally. Surrounded by Ghettos everyone assumed the only way of life was to sell drugs and to work at Mc Donald’s. My mother did not allow that perception to define our life or our way of learning. She always wanted better for her, for us.