Nucleophilic Substitution Lab Report
In the presence of a nucleophile and good leaving group, an organic reactant in specific conditions is likely to undergo a chemical reaction, namely, nucleophilic substitution. Nucleophilic substitution consists of two different mechanisms, SN1 and SN2. In this experiment, SN2 is the mechanism tested. SN2 is a relatively fast, one-step mechanism in which the nucleophile attacks the organic reactant and the leaving group diverges from the reactant to become a weak base (Fig. 1). The overall speed of the reaction can increase based on the size or basicity of the nucleophile, or the bulkiness of the carbon group with the leaving group. On the other hand, SN1 is the multi-step, slow mechanism, relative to SN2. The environment of the organic reactant
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Chem 100 Final Lab Report
1366 Words | 6 PagesCadet Eric Wiggins Date: 18 September 2014 Course Name: Chem 100 Instructor: Captain Zuniga Section: M3A Identification of a Copper Mineral Intro Minerals are elements or compounds that are created in the Earth by geological processes. The method of isolating metals in a compound mineral is normally conducted through two processes.
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1272 Words | 6 PagesDouble Replacement Lab Report Date Completed: October 8, 2015 Objective To analyze and determine if a chemical reaction occurred between two compounds using the concepts we learned in class. Also, if the chemical reaction occurred, to determine if it formed a precipitate or gas. Safety General Safety Precautions: Do not touch the chemicals Use of gloves and coats are recommended, use of goggles should be required Keep the work area clean Dispose of the chemicals properly, DO NOT dispose them in the sink Clean up your work station Wash your hand before and after the lab Make sure all chemicals are labeled correctly NEVER return chemicals to reagent bottles Use the wafting technique to smell the chemical Clean up spills immediately
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Lab Report Chemistry Lab
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Macromolecules Lab Report
433 Words | 2 PagesThe presence of macromolecules is able to be detected in solutions such as glucose, sucrose, starch, and proteins as well as other common foods. These other common foods include oats, soda, gelatin, and apple juice. There are four classes of macromolecules such as monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides and proteins. Each of these can be found using different tests such as the Benedict’s test, the Iodine test, or the Biuret test. Although there is no specific test for disaccharides it can be determined if the original color has not changed.
Exploring Reaction Rates Lab Report
1559 Words | 7 PagesTitle: Exploring Reaction Rates Authors: Lauren Parker*, Serah Wiedenhoefer ( * - Primary Author)
Preparation Of L-Phenylalanine Lab Report
802 Words | 4 Pages“Diazotization of L-phenylalanine results in the unstable aliphatic diazonium salt 2, which is believed to undergo a rapid, intramolecular SN2 reaction to give the highly strained R-lactone (3) (3)”. “In a second, slower, intermolecular SN2 reaction, 3 reacts with the solvent (water) to open the lactone and yield the final product, (S)-2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoic acid (4)”. “Because this process occurs with two SN2 reactions, the final product has a net retention of configuration”. “This reaction has the added advantage of being environmentally friendly: the reaction is run in aqueous solution, using a safe amino acid and generates no hazardous waste requiring disposal”. “This experiment illustrates some important chemical concepts, including: Water solubility dependence on the state of ionization of a compound, Stereospecificity of the SN2 reaction, Measurement of optical activity, Effect of diastereotopic protons in the 1 H NMR spectrum”.
Grignard Reaction Lab Report
1105 Words | 5 PagesDiscussion The purpose of this lab was to properly prepare a Grignard reagent from an unknown aryl halide and then to use the prepared Grignard reagent with solid carbon dioxide and an acid quench to form a carboxylic acid. Organometallics are compounds that have a carbon bonded to a metal; C-M, where M is any transition metal. In an organometallic, the carbon has a partial negative charge and is considered electron-rich due to the bond with the positively charged metal. Because of this partial negative charge, the carbon acts as a nucleophile and is able to be used in reactions to produce new bonds between carbon atoms by attaching to another carbon that acts as an electrophile.
Intermolecular Nucleophilic Effect
161 Words | 1 PagesSteps 3 and 4 are involving the second arm of the mustard and a second molecule of DNA. Ultimately, two molecules
How To Synthesize Turt-Butyl Chloride Sn2
213 Words | 1 PagesNucleophilic substitutions involve a reaction between an electron pair donor with an electron pair acceptor. The second type of nucleophilic substitution is called second-order nucleophilic substitution (Sn2). This experiment involves an Sn1 mechanism only. This reaction is considered
Dna Synthesis Lab Report
501 Words | 3 PagesA practical step-by-step on how to transcribe and translate DNA sequence DNA transcription and translation are common terms in DNA replication. Therefore, for one to understand and master how to transcribe and translate a particular DNA sequence, one needs to know the meaning of DNA replication, DNA transcription, and DNA translation. DNA replication is defined as the synthesis of daughter DNA from the parental DNA. DNA transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA using the DNA template. DNA translation is the process of synthesizing proteins using the messenger RNA (mRNA) as the template.
Nucleophilic Additions
142 Words | 1 PagesNucleophilic additions are possible with C60. The first examples can be found in the addition of organolithium or Grignard compounds, but also the addition of cyanide groups and of hetero-groups containing phosphorous or silicon follow the same route. Nucleophilic additions results in monofunctionalized fullerene and usually occur in a 1,2-addition fashion. As reported by Hirsch, the reaction with nucleophiles starts with the formation of an intermediate NunC60n- that can be later stabilized by the addition of an electrophile (E+) or neutral E-X to give C60(ENu)n, an SNi or internal addition reaction to give methanofulleres and cyclohexenofullerenes, or by oxidation to give C60Nu2.[39] It is to be noticed that, technically, the Bingel-reaction
Nucleotides Lab Report
972 Words | 4 PagesIon-paired reverse phase liquid chromatography for the detection, separation and quantification of nucleotides If you are working in the field of molecular biology, there is hardly a day that goes by without the use of nucleotides. But beyond the use of the four well known deoxynucleotides in PCR, there are several other uses of nucleotides. In the field of enzymology, nucleotides are used as substrates of various enzymes. For example, kinases and phosphatases use nucleotides as substrates while phosphotransferases transfer phosphate group from one nucleotide substrate to another. If you want to study the kinetics of such enzymes, you need to quantify either the substrate or the product.
Aromatic Ring
1192 Words | 5 PagesIn the process of performing a synthesis that include and aromatic ring there are several characteristics that need to taken into consideration such as, are there any substituents attached to the aromatic ring and if so, the type of substituent is important. Depending on the substituent that is bonded to the aromatic ring affects the position of additional substituents that are added. The substituents that are present on the aromatic ring can be identified as either as activating groups or deactivating groups. Activating groups direct the substituent being added to the ortha or para position, where as the deactivating directs to the meta position (Substituent Effects, n.d). Activating groups are the substituents that act as electron donators;
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