Mary Walters Michael Lynch Section 003 Dude, Othering is So Not Cool Anymore In the years of Marco Polo (1254-1324) leading to the Ethiopian Age of Exploration (1306-1458), othering, orientalism, and racism was a big leading factor of separation between civilizations. More so, between the “east” and “west.” What do these words mean you ask? Well long story short: othering is labeling a person you don’t know as something opposite of what you are; orientalism is a stereotypical label against Asians; and racism is hatred/belief that people other than whites, are not as good enough or don’t belong. Othering and racism overlap but are not quite the same, and this is apparent in Matteo Salvadore’s writing, The Ethiopian Age of Exploration: Prester …show more content…
But back when Marco Polo was alive, the “west” were people who lived in the Mongol region. Marco Polo was from Venice, and there they referred to westerner’s as “others.” Throughout the reading, the word “other” is said a lot, especially in a certain part of the story line. “Other visitors…” (Latham, 130), “Other city…other province…” (Latham, 130) “other residents…those of any other city in the world…” (Latham, 30). Of course, you could say that the other just so happened to say that word a lot in the reading, but it shows up numerous amount of times in one whole paragraph. Why would an author say the word “other” as many time as he did, in the ways that he did? Also throughout The Ethiopian Age of Exploration: Prester John’s Discovery of Europe, 1306-1458, “other” is used in one section with a lot of more understanding, “Christian identity and where a religious paradigm of sameness and otherness trumped race and color in discourse on difference.” (Salvadore, 594) “Racial and nonracial otherness,” (Salvadore, 595) As said in the above paragraph, otherness and racism overlap but are not quite the same, so why would racism not be chosen? Because later on in the paragraph it goes on to say, “…images of otherness is an indication of shifting social relations and patterns of hegemony…” (Salvadore, 595) It also continues to say, “…Muslims as the ultimate
Geoff and Janet Benge wrote Rowland Bingham: Into Africa’s interior. It tells the true story of the missionary Rowland Bingham, and how he spread the gospel through Africa, and ultimately the world. In fact, by the time of his death in 1942, there was not a single region on earth that his faith had not touched. Through Rowland’s life, the readers can learn that God always provides and that it is important to persevere through hard times.
Because Marco’s adventures appeared in a popular book, his travels are best known, but others from the West had already been to the Orient. William of Rubruck, a French Catholic priest, made the journey in 1255, leaving us a record of his adventures much more reliable than Marco Polo’s stories. Marco was fond of tall tales, but William was a careful observer. William de Rubruck found Europeans living in China and the Mongolian lands, most of whom were brought there as prisoners taken when the Mongols invaded Europe (1235-1241). He heard of Germans made to work in mines and he met a Hungarian who was a servant.
In Africa during the Post-Classical era, 600-1450 CE, the Saharan was no longer a barren wasteland hardly suitable for travel, but, an essential part of both North African and Sub-Saharan West African societies. Camels and caravans allowed for quicker and more effective traveling. With trading becoming increasingly popular in this area, it provided the resources to build new and larger political structures. During this era, Africa’s economy began to change and the western part of Sub-Saharan was no different. With the Trans-Saharan trade routes ability to increase with the help of wealthier Islamic states, it allowed for the spread of religious and political ideas such as larger empires and the Islamic faith in which both greatly influenced
The African Kingdoms had many achievements before the Europeans arrived around 1500. The three major kingdoms were Ghana, Mali, and Songhai. These kingdoms focused mainly on trading with surrounding kingdoms, and because of this they were considered very successful. Many therefore call the consider the achievements of the African Trading Kingdoms to be a major success. Some major achievements of these kingdoms are forming a trading web, creating an advanced economical and social structure, and forming a way of communication with other groups that speak other languages.
Between 300th century and 1400th century, the most powerful African kingdoms had achieved great goals, such as developing a trade system. The empires in Africa had a solid economy which was supported by their trade. Before the Europeans arrived, these empires had hierarchies and roles in society, which helped the trade system flourish. Some achievements Africa accomplished included trade, wealth, and a complex society.
Without the Mongolian’s maps or technological advances, such as the compass, Marco Polo would have never came to Asia seeking the
Low Risk #6 After reading and viewing the documents it is obvious that the Europeans are portrayed in a very distinct matter compared to the native Africans. It is evident that the Europeans are seen as the malefactor, although European imperialism brought good and positive things to the world it also brought great misfortune. A misfortune that is the complete opposite of the moral vision of doing right. The Europeans invaded Africa and initiated the so called “scramble for Africa” it brought a period of oppression and violence to the continent. The scramble for Africa was more a pursuit for pride and personal benefits such territory and adventure rather than economic motives.
Africa before 1500 ce was a time where many events happened that changed the civilization of Africa forever. Africa invented trades, cultures, traditions, and so many other things that affected Africa in many ways. There is a huge timeline that explains all the events that happen in Africa, what year they happen, and why they happen in the first place. Africa along with other certain continents had major events happened before 1500 ce. Since I chose Africa I will be explaining what was Africa before 1500 ce.
Marco Polo, a traveler who left Venice in 1271 explored much of Asia and even inspired Christopher Columbus two centuries after his death. First, Polo’s childhood was spent without any parents, as his mother died and his father was in a journey in Asia. Polo would have never been able to travel without his father and uncle, who were merchants at the time. During a journey, Polo’s father and uncle, Nicolo and Maffeo Polo, received an invitation to meet Kublai Khan in Cathay, which is another name for China. When the pair returned to Venice in 1269, they brought Polo along in the journey and left in 1271.
The study of racism has a profound potential to become an ambiguous sociological endeavor. Incidentally, accounting for the multitude of factors which encompass this subject appear to make it the very heart of the matter and consequently the most time consuming. Although, it is my belief that all three of the main sociological theories (Functionalism, Conflict Theory and Symbolic Interactionism) should be integrated in order to achieve a legitimate and quantifiable outcome, for obvious reasons the “Conflict Theory” logically renders the best possible method to obtain a valid micro analysis of specific agents in this case. The oxford dictionary defines racism as being: prejudice, discrimination, or antagonism directed against someone of a different race based on the belief that one’s own race is superior; a belief that all members of each race possesses characteristics or abilities specific to that race, especially so as to distinguish it as inferior or superior to another race or races.
If you could, would you want to be the richest person in the world, I bet you answered yes, but do you really know one of the most famous richest person in history was? Well, if you answered Mansa Musa you are correct! It is told that he was the richest person ever in history. Mansa Musa was the tenth emperor of the Mali dynasty. While Mansa Musa ruled from 1280 to 1337, Mali was an empire from 1235 to 1600 and many things happened during this time.
Racism is a man-made creation, where people judge others based on the color of their skin and not on the important things, such as a person’s personality. It is the belief that some people are superior to others based on the color of their skin. Racism in the United States dates back from the early years when slavery still existed up until today. Authors Hubert Harrison, James Baldwin, and Ta-Nehisi Coates told their beliefs and stories about growing up African American in different time periods. In the works Race Prejudice II, Letter to My Nephew, and Between the World and Me, the American authors use their perspectives on racism to show how white people have been destroying black bodies and don't want to know what they are doing.
Racism is discrimination and prejudice towards people based on their race or ethnicity. Today, the use of the term "racism" does not easily fall under a single definition. The ideology underlying racist practices often includes the idea that humans can be subdivided into distinct groups that are different in their social behavior and innate capacities and that can be ranked as inferior or superior. The Holocaust is the classic example of institutionalized racism which led to the death of millions of people based on their race.
the Orient is not only adjacent to Europe; it is also the place of Europe 's greatest and richest and oldest colonies, the source of its civilization and languages, its cultural contestant, and one of its deepest and most recurring images of “the Other.” In addition, the Orient has helped to define Europe (or the West). (1) Othering is an inherent classification and differentiation of peoples or cultures. This specific definition of Othering involving Europe and the Orient can be applied to other colonial constructions in which one society defines and reifies its centrality in juxtaposition and in comparison to another, neighboring community: the relationship between North Dormer and the Mountain.
Defining Racism To properly lay out the issue of racism in the play it is desirable to know how the term itself is defined. The Oxford English Dictionary explains Racism as follows: A belief that one’s own racial or ethnic group is superior, or that other such groups represent a threat to one 's cultural identity, racial integrity, or economic well-being; (also) a belief that the members of different racial or ethnic groups possess specific characteristics, abilities, or qualities, which can be compared and evaluated. Hence: prejudice, discrimination, or antagonism directed against people of other racial or ethnic groups.