The ethical justification of a placebo as a medicine is a hot topic in the field of biomedical philosophy. Cases involving the prescription of placebos have been argued to suggest that a placebo is a form of deception. A placebo is treatment that has no specific physical or chemical action on the condition being treated, but is given to affect symptoms by a psychologic mechanism, rather than a purely physical one (Lipkin 155). In a specific case, there is a physician who utilizes place medication, Dr. Miracle, and a 45-year-old patient with chronic back pain, Michael Misery. Mr. Misery has explored numerous pain-alleviating treatments and made the decision to visit Dr. Miracle for his consultation. Dr. Miracle reviewed Mr. Misery’s medical …show more content…
Miracle is a form of informed consent. According to two notable philosophers, Faden and Beauchamp, they define real informed consent as a patient’s autonomous action that authorizes a course of action (Faden, et al). Dr. Miracle prescribed a placebo medication to his patient, Michael Misery. Before the placebo was prescribed, Mr. Misery made the autonomous decision to accept the medication, while knowing that there might be “serious side effects.” Mr. Misery is a 45-year-old man with the capacity to make autonomous decisions. His decision was influenced by his need to be alleviated of pain and Dr. Miracle was compelled by his own moral imperative. A moral imperative is the driving force for a person to make an action (Beauchamp 16-17). Dr. Miracle, as a physician, fulfilled his duty in providing medical attention, and Mr. Misery was aware of his opportunity to explore other options; his informed consent. Dr. Miracle did not undermine the physician-patient relationship as his action was driven by the guidelines of informed consent and his belief in improving Mr. Misery’s condition, his moral imperative. If Dr. Miracle had chosen to withhold the information of “serious side effects,” then he would be violating informed consent and his actions would be unjustified. Based on these grounds, Dr. Miracle understands that the physician-patient relationship is important, and his moral duty to provide informed consent was respecting the physician-patient
Consequently taking away the patients decision and instead giving physicians full control to seemingly “play god”, as the decision is now in their hand. Through this problem within the medical community, society has inadvertently traded off ethics in pursuit for common good (Martinez). Because of this, such practices as benevolent deception in hospitals had room to emerge during the Jim Crow era. As doctors apparently took the decision of the patient in their own hands. Benevolent deception was a widely common practice during the times of Henrietta Lacks.
In modern society, most depend on the opinion of a trained healthcare professional to ensure a solution to an issue. But what does one do when the patient has no understanding of the potential harm and side effects caused? Henrietta Lacks, a black woman of low social status, faced the trials of cervical cancer without providing informed consent, or the “legal rules that prescribe behaviors for physicians and other healthcare professionals.” If Lacks had not been a crusader in informed consent, then the legacy of patient awareness would not exist today. Lacks’ story takes place in Baltimore, Maryland when she checks into Johns Hopkins Hospital, to address a pain in her lower abdomen.
When taking an oath to be a pharmacist, an EMT, or a physician, one takes an oath to serve humanity. Although there is no common law, each individual profession’s code of ethics has a similar purpose, which is to act as a guideline on the professional relationships between colleagues, patients, and others served. The code of ethics is a standard for all individuals in the profession, however there are instances where a person’s individual beliefs may be of conflict, and prevent the adherence of such guidelines. Although the rights of these individuals may be protected under the Religious Freedom Restoration Act (RFRA), there is a responsibility as a medical professional to assist the patients, whether it be directly or indirectly. As health
Every medical professional have an oath to save their patient’s life. When medical professional oath to help their patient by doing everything possible. “To treat the ill to the best to one’s ability, to preserve a patient’s privacy, to teach the secrets of medicine to the next generation, and so on.” (“Hippocratic Oath” 1) This means that the medical professional should do all they can do so they can help their patient to health.
Covert use of medication can be seen as dishonest as the NMC code (2015) states respect the level to which people receiving care want to be involved in decisions about their own health, wellbeing and care; the code of practice also states act with honesty and integrity at all times, treating people fairly. In contrast however, Beauchamp and Childress (2009) highlights non disclosure, limited discolour, deception or lying may be considered when veracity and the principle of autonomy is thought to conflict with other ethical obligation. Jean was given the opportunity to understand and evaluate what was being asked and was provided with all relevant information to support their decision making process.
Methodology The author utilized excessive methodology throughout his book during the Tuskegee Experiment Study. Throughout the study, the helping professionals had many challenges and made changes when conducting this experiment. During this time, the helping professionals had no legal guidelines or stipulations until the last few years of the study. In the book, there were several methodologies that were utilized during the experiment.
After reading this case I was terribly shocked about the fact that something like this could happen in our medical history. I couldn’t believe how a patient could be neglected so much. Based on the material that we have learned the lack of ethical theory of deontology in Dr. Evan was disturbing. As a doctor Dr. Evan’s role is to care for patients, keep them away from harm and prolong their life. Though in the trial he stated as if he didn’t care.
The doctors failed to use a properly consenting patient, neglected Charlie’s emotional state, and failed to conduct proper research. If Charlie had a caretaker who could give consent on his behalf, similar to a minor, an operation of this sort could be ethical. Moreover, it could be ethical if the doctors’ research and further develop their theory before using a human test subject, and pay close attention to Charlie’s emotional and mental health. However, Charlie’s operation was performed without these precautions and guidelines, and he suffers greatly in the
It It f It frustrates me what Dr. Anna Pou had to go through with the lawsuits of the Memorial Medical Center incident. As Healthcare professionals, being sued for making the rightful decision for the patient and the hospital is unjust. Healthcare professionals like Dr. Pou, have taken the Hippocratic oath, and one of the promises made within that oath is “first, do no harm”. Hospital’s should not be so quick to make such an important decision of pressing charges to their faculty; more trust should be placed in them. In addition, she made it clear her intentions were just to ‘‘help’’ patients ‘‘through their pain,’’ on national television.
I will argue that it would be morally right for Dr. Schneider to inform the patient of the circumstances and make further decisions after conversing with the individual. I will demonstrate that there are extremely important differences between telling a patient of the pharmaceutical placebo replacement and giving a patient a placebo without their knowledge. These distinctions undermine the argument of whether or not it is permissible to implement an act such as this. I believe that Dr. Schneider committed ethically immoral actions because he gave the patient pure lactose pills, instead of the initial prescription, without her authorization. This topic is philosophically important because numerous issues can arise from the situation if the correct
All nurses and healthcare professionals are obligated to help patients and to follow through on the desire to good and not harm them. The doctors and nurses in the study did not hold up their obligation to give the participants in the study the best treatment for their disease. Since penicillin was being used for the treatment of penicillin in the 1940s, the doctors and nurses should have given the participants of the study the penicillin according to the ethical principle of beneficence. Instead of giving the participants the penicillin, the doctors and nurses continued with the original ‘treatment’ even though they knew it would not cure the participants’
Consent is patients’ rights because they have right to know what is happening to their life which is fundamental value in professional practice (Department of Health (DH), 2001). Dougherty and Lister (2015) state that consent is a patient’s rights to refuse or to accept a treatment. However, Dimond (2010) said that consent is a voluntarily decision which can be given orally, verbally, written or implied for example if you ask a patient to take their blood pressure and they offer their arm. Eyal (2012) also states that consent promote trust in medical procedures that people may seek and comply with medical advice and participate in medical research. Bok (2013) argues that there are problems with the trust-promoting as many patients give consent despite being to some extent distrustful.
Conventional wisdom use to hold that the “doctor knows what is best for the patient”, leading to a paternalistic and unbalanced relationship between most physicians and patients. This idea of medical paternalism stems from the Hippocratic oath which states that “ [a physician] will apply dietetic measures for the benefit of the sick according to [his] ability and judgment”. The Hippocratic oath as historically said by all physicians and medical students is based on a foundation of beneficence yet the oath does not emphasize the personal autonomy of the patient. The oath focuses on the characteristics of a doctor and duty of a doctor yet doesn’t mention the role of doctor in respecting the patients wishes. This principle of paternalism was accepted
According Vase et al. (2015) in a vast amount of pain clinical drug trials, painkillers showed no dominance in effectiveness over the placebos. Pain is mainly psychological, which is why placebos are applicable in pain cases. During a treatment study in sub-Saharan Africa a nurse was administering a placebo of iron pills to terminally ill patients with AIDS and telling them they will get better, knowing that it is ineffective for in their condition (Ambrose, 2007). Thus meaning that the patients were going to die without knowing that they were.
Patients have a right to complain about the doctor's refusal to the Management. Provision of Treatment requires patient’s choice and informed consent. Even if a patient has signed a general consent clause, the patient can still refuse medical treatment or procedures. However, in exceptional or emergency situations a doctor may be legally justified in performing surgery or providing treatment without the patient's consent. The patient should be competent and capable of making such a decision to give a consent.