Raphael’s letter to Pope Leo X on Architectural drawing
Raphael an Italian painter and Architect of the Renaissance period wrote a letter to Pope Leo X expressing his anger at the state of the ‘great, noble city, once queen of the world’, Rome, as being ‘cruelly butchered’. In the letter Raphael makes clear his dissatisfaction to a number of things that relate to the state the Ancient structures which lay in. He pleads with Pope Leo X to take the issue of protecting these ruins as they were the glory of their ‘founders’ seriously and lashed out on past Pontiffs for failing to defend these Ancient relics but rather invested their time in destroying them. Raphael touches on a lot of issues in his letter to pope Leo X. I will look to summaries what he says regarding
…show more content…
Raphael sites this as the reason for the need for perspective drawings to show and explain the appearance of a building. He explained this allowed for the ‘eye to see and judge the grace of that likeness’. Raphael explained this allowed for the ‘beautiful proportion and symmetry’ of the building to be seen and understood more clearly, allowing for people to see what does not appear is the measured architectural drawings. He explains this form of drawing and the impact on the way it is viewed to Pope Leo X. Raphael talks about the way in which the size of walls diminish in perspective due to the normal proportions the eye sees. He explains that ‘the smaller the angle, the smaller the object viewed will appear’ and that this also applies to all other directions a building is viewed from. He however also brings to Pope Leo X attention the detail of the way light acts as a pyramid as it enters our eyes and affects the way we see these features of the building in paintings by
Portraits drawn by Raphael are a vital source for the analysis of his artistic motives. “Lady of the Unicorn” (fig. 3), one of Raphael’s earliest Florentine portraits, owes much to Leonardo’s “Mona Lisa” in its design. However, the clarity of light which infuses even the shadows with colour not only recalls Raphael’s early exposure to the paintings of Piero della Francesca, but also in itself a statement he wanted to make through his art. Raphael’s obsessive experiments with clarity of features cannot be construed as a mere influence of his teachers or contemporaries. Somewhere deep down, deliberation to do away with the mysterious haziness associable with divine or religious mystification must have inspired the Italian great to incorporate
Pope Urban II’s speech at Clermont in 1095 was a call to crusade given outdoors to the nobles, commoners and church leaders of the Western European Christians (the Franks). The people were moved by this speech and it changed history, launching the first crusade to capture Jerusalem from the Muslim Turks. After hearing Pope Urban II’s speech, thousands of Western European Christians were moved to embark on the dangerous journey and fight in the crusade. I believe the main reasons they were moved and persuaded to fight was; 1) they felt it was their Christian duty, 2) Pope Urban promised them absolution for their sins and 3) they felt compelled to defend Christianity, their holy land and the Eastern Christians.
Emperor Alexius I Comenus has asked Pope Urban II to help aid in the defense of the Byzantine Empire in 1095. The Pope has agreed and is meeting with the Council of Clermont in hopes of uniting the lords across Europe. We have updated information that military action will be taken to regain control of the Holy Land from who the Pope refers to as the "infidels". A French monk by the name of Peter the Hermit has responded to Pope Urban II 's call of arms. With a ragtag army of peasants and soldiers we moved east to Constantinople in what is being called the People 's Crusade.
Analysis of Galileo’s Letter to Grand-Duchess Christina During the time that Galileo wrote the letter to Grand-Duchess Christina, there was much debate about the orientation of the universe. There were two different theories of thought at this time. One was the Heliocentric Universe, which believed the sun was the center of the universe and the Earth orbits it.
The discovery of linear perspective provided the transition from gothic art to renaissance art and it revolves around the renaissance period for many years till the inception of cubism. What renaissance artists had clearly achieved through a thorough observation was discovered by artist and architect Filippo Brunelleschi (1377-1446 CE) who carry out a series of optical experiments leading to the theory of linear perspective and with this it was possible to analyse its structure mathematically. He suggested a method that justifies on how a size of an object being reduced in relation to their place and distance from the eye. The first version of written treatise entitled De Pictura (1435 CE) was written by Leon Battista Alberti (1404-1472
The painting appears to have levels of designs on both side of Saint Francis, giving impression of a library. This indicated to me and others that the teaching of religion is central to all group and class. Saint Francis is the main focus and the details shows his work during at time. (Finkelstien) Furthermore, the colors and details on the Saint Francis Altarpiece is aesthetically pleasing.
Renaissance artist used this concept to create famous pieces of art. Linear perspective also impacted architecture drawings. It helped provide a new way of showing and thinking about space. In the year 1421, Filippo Brunelleschi was commissioned by the Medici family to design a building for them.
Michelangelo once said, “I saw the angel in the marble and carved until I set him free”. If Michelangelo actually did this with every sculptor could modern artist be doing the same thing to follow in his footsteps. Michelangelo’s artwork affects modern society by influencing many modern-day artists to become sculptors, painters and more. He also influenced types of art such as frescoes and ceiling paintings. To add to this his sculptures are discussed in today’s conversations.
Michelangelo famously carved many sculptures throughout his lifetime. One of his most famous pieces is the Rome Pietà. The French cardinal Jean de Bilhères Lagraulas commissioned Michelangelo to carve a memorial piece for his own burial in 1497 (Wallace, 243). The Pietà is currently on display in St. Peter’s Basilica on a pedestal as an altarpiece. William Wallace’s article “Michelangelo’s Rome Pietà: Altarpiece or Grave Memorial?” discusses whether the Pietà should be viewed as an elevated altarpiece or at eye level as a memorial through historical context and the intention of how the work was made to be viewed by an audience.
“The Calling of Saint Matthew” by Caravaggio was the Counter-Reformation movement. Light pours in above Christ’s head on the right and reveals stunning detail in the painting. Light glints of the coins on the table and the tax collector’s glasses. The expressions on the faces of the collectors are varied and convey recognizable emotion. In “The Art of Painting” by Vermeer, light shines in from the left and glints off the tiles, chairs, and the chandelier.
Italian Renaissance artist, Raphael, painted the School of Athens between 1509 and 1511. This painting is a fresco in the Room of the Signatures in Rome, Italy. In 1573, Italian painter, Paolo Veronese, painted Christ in the House of Levi. This oil painting was expansion of the Last Supper and is located in Venice, Italy. These two works of art have reflected the environments of Rome and Venice.
The Pantheon and Brunelleschi 's Dome in Florence both share a common idea of the dome in ancient history. They were built and different times, the Pantheon and Brunelleschi 's Dome differ in both design and architecture. This paper is going to analyze the Pantheon in Rome and Brunelleschi 's Dome in terms of their constructional and design techniques, and their historical circumstances of the construction of them both. The Pantheon is one of the remaining and properly maintained buildings of the first century.
Art: The work of Leonardo da Vinci on perspective, light, shadows, and color in painting What was the motivation that led to the discovery? The Renaissance art movement was to represent realism. Instead of the classical paintings of portraits which represented posed scenes and artificial light, they essentially wanted to create a photograph of the scene exactly as it was in real life.
This event is especially significant to the painting because according to Florence Inferno, Pope Clemente VII was “the first patron” and had “special wishes”, however, was unable to oversee the real painting rather next-in-line Pope Paul III who had the honor. The “Sack of Rome” was most likely the cause of why Pope Clemente VII was unable to see the real painting, because according to Encyclopædia Britannica the “Sack of Rome” caused “an orgy of destruction and massacre, terrorizing the population and humiliating Pope Clement VII” , consequently, leading to his death in the year 1534. Further, another major event that shaped life during the painting of “The Last Judgement” was “The Society of Jesus” (short for “Jesuits”) being founded in 1540 (NPR,
Perspective is considered one of the most important aspects of Renaissance art. Artists such as Masaccio, Leonardo Da Vinci and Raphael made the use of this device in many of their work. Thanks to Filippo Brunelleschi, who ‘invented’ and developed this technique called one point linear perspective. The intention of perspective in Renaissance art is to depict reality, reality being the ‘truth’. By simulating the three dimensional space on a flat surface, we in fact incorporate this element of realism into it.