In what became known as the Compromise of 1877, Republican Senate leaders worked with the Democratic leadership so they would support Hayes and the commission’s decision. The two sides agreed that one Southern Democrat would be appointed to Hayes’s cabinet, Democrats would control federal patronage in their areas in the South, and there would be a commitment to generous internal improvements. More importantly, all remaining federal troops would be withdrawn from the South, a move that effectively ended Reconstruction. Hayes believed that Southern leaders would obey and enforce the Reconstruction-era constitutional amendments that protected the rights of freed people; however, his trust was soon proved to be misguided, and he devoted a large …show more content…
Racial violence in the Reconstruction period took three major forms: urban riots, interpersonal fights, and organized vigilante groups (Racial). There were riots in Southern cities several times during Reconstruction. The most notable were the riots in Memphis and New Orleans in 1866. A subsequent report by the Joint Committee of Reconstruction detailed the carnage in the Memphis riots of 1866: 46 blacks and 2 whites were killed, 75 blacks injured, over 100 black persons robbed, 5 black women raped, and 91 homes, 4 Churches and 8 schools burned in the black community. Modern estimates place property losses at over $100,000, suffered mostly by blacks. Many blacks fled the city permanently; by 1870, their population had fallen by one quarter compared to 1865 (Memphis). White men beat or shot black men with relative impunity, and did so over minor squabbles, labor disputes, longstanding grudges, and crimes of passion. These incidents sometimes were reported to local federal authorities like the army or the Freedmen’s Bureau, but more often than not such violence was unreported and
Reconstruction is during which the United States began to rebuild the Southern society after they lost to the civil war. It lasted from 1865 to 1877, and it was initiated by President Lincoln until his assassination in 1865. President Johnson continued Lincoln’s agenda to continue the Reconstruction. Throughout the process of Reconstruction, one of its main purpose was to guarantees for equal rights for all people, especially for the African Americans. Even though slavery was abolished after the civil war, many Southerners were still against the idea of equal rights for all black people, such as the Republicans.
The Tulsa Race Riot was the destruction of Black Wall Street in 1921, which was caused by an allegation of a white woman accusing a black man of rape. It lasted from May 31st to June 1st. The Tulsa Race Riot caused plenty of damage from “dozens of deaths [and] hundreds of injuries” to the destruction of Black Wall Street leading to unemployment of the black community (Hoberock n. pag.). An estimated property loss was over $2.3 million. This was an important event in our Nation’s history because “it teaches how far hatred [and violence] can go” (Hoberock n. pag.).
On the flip side, the government failed, particularly in the South where segregation and discrimination was at one of the all time peaks. In the documentary “Rise!: 1940-1968,” from The African Americans: Many Rivers to Cross” sponsored by PBS, around 9 minutes in; by the second day of the riots in Detroit during this time, about 24 African Americans were dead and more than half of the deaths were due to police brutality. (PBS, Rise!: 1940-1968,” from The African Americans: Many Rivers to Cross, 8:45/56:13) With more than half deaths due to police brutality was only one of the many examples that briefly explain the first 2 main reasons on civil right abuses wanting to be redressed. With the last reason being the economic discrimination towards Black people. This limited their ability to achieve financial security and prosperity.
Eight years after, three African-American men in Memphis were lynched, and
For months after the riots the public life of the city became a very noticeable “white domain. " During the riots, landowners drove blacks from their residences, fearing the destruction of their property that had already riddled so many. After the riots, when the Colored Orphan Asylum attempted to rebuild on the site of its old building, neighboring property owners asked them to leave. By 1865, the black population had plummeted to just under ten thousand, the lowest since 1820.
Through a series of events from the 1876 election, Southerners achieved a Compromise of 1877, which made the Republicans to pull federal troops out of the South in return for presidential
The white mob saw the Tulsa tribune, the newspaper back there published “Nab Negro for attacking the girl in an elevator” and were flooding the courthouse. Apparently word went out to Greenwood that a mob of white people was at the court house and they got tired and went to the courthouse. They kept getting told to go back to one white man approach a black African American and ask him what he was going to do with the gun and he told him that he was going to use it if needed. The white man then tries to get the gun and a shot was fired, which started the riot. While the sun was out, people started rioting and then police officer sided with the white rioters.
April 12, 1961, marked one of the most historical events that have ever occurred in the United States -the Civil War. This war was fought by the Union (Northern states) and the Confederates (Southern states). Several factors contributed to the clash of both sides, such include: trades, tariffs, states’ rights, and the idea of slavery. After four years of fighting, the Southern states lied under complete destruction. On May 9, 1865, the fighting was over -the Union had won the war.
The Riot of 1919 Race riots were always going on. After years of racial tension had built up, African Americans began moving to the North hoping to have better living situations and better job opportunities. The more Blacks that came the more crowded their living area became. So they started moving in the white communities. This is when tensions got high.
The New Orleans race riot, also known as the New Orleans Massacre, occurred on July 30, 1866, in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. It was one of the most violent incidents of racial violence during the Reconstruction era following the American Civil War. The riot began when a convention of black and white Republicans, advocating for suffrage rights for African Americans, was met with opposition and hostility from white Democrats. Tensions escalated when a group of armed white supremacists attacked the convention attendees, including African American delegates and their white allies.
While racial attitudes and “Reconstruction weariness” contributed to the collapse of Reconstruction efforts, the use of violence against whites and blacks combined with the belief in white supremacy played the
The American civil war led to the reunion of the South and the North. But, its consequences led the Republicans to take the lead of reconstructing what the war had destroyed especially in the South because it contained larger numbers of newly freed slaves. Just after the civil war, America entered into what was called as the reconstruction era. Reconstruction refers to when “the federal government established the terms on which rebellious Southern states would be integrated back into the Union” (Watts 246). As a further matter, it also meant “the process of helping the 4 million freed slaves after the civil war [to] make the transition to freedom” (DeFord and Schwarz 96).
The American Civil War that was started due to the controversy over slavery in 1861, was won by The Union supported by President Lincoln against the Confederate states. President Lincoln’s original goal during the civil war was to reunify the nation as quickly as possible and help both sides come to an understanding. After the Civil War ended in 1865, the newly formed United States’ reconstruction era began. The Reconstruction era was put into effect by the Congress in 1866 and lasted until 1877. The Union’s victory in the Civil War had given African Americans a new sense of hope, devastated the southern economy, and eased the history of disunity in American political life.
Reconstruction is the time period after the Civil War, where the country attempted to improve the Union. There were many successes, but what also comes along with success is failure. During the reconstruction many failures were present; such as the lack of racial equality and blatant racism towards blacks, a failing economy in the South, and tense relations between the North and the South. This created a very intense and challenging period of time for the Union.
When thinking about the civil war, one of the first things that comes to mind is how did everything end up afterwards. Did things go back to normal? How long did it take to rebuild? Was the reconstruction of the south success or failure? 2 years before the Confederacy formally surrendered the Union began reconstruction.