My dearest grandson John, January 1, 1700 It seems only yesterday I was an ambitious young man looking for riches. I had heard about the abundance of gold and jewels in the new world and was actively looking for passage there. A friend of mine, who was employed by The Virginia Company, suggested that I join him in his voyage. Being young and naïve, I spontaneously agreed. We left England in the December of 1606 . 144 of us, all boys and men, were mainly in search of gold and other riches . When we docked in The Chesapeake bay, in 1607, there were only 104 passengers left in our vessels . I thought to myself that the worst had already passed. I had no idea of the upcoming hardships. We settled along the Chesapeake River and decided to …show more content…
When we first met the natives we were treated with the utmost respect and hospitality. We traded with them for meat, fish, and crops. The natives called themselves the Powhatan confederacy after their leader Powhatan. They were oddly dressed and followed different gods. The Powhatan provided our colony with food however it was not enough. The colony starved and by January of 1608 there were only 38 of us left in Jamestown . Around this time relief ships arrived in the colony carrying food as well as people. Mostly young unskilled lower-sort men were carried on these ships. Over the years, as relief ships continued to come in, the population would replenish itself and then drastically drop due our colony’s lack of survival skills. The Powhatan were growing tired of our reliance on them and would not meet our demands for food. Our only option was to attack their villages and force them to provide us with food. This only made them more hostile towards us. Chief Powhatan died in 1618 and gave his brother, Opechancanough, control of the Powhatan confederacy . Unlike his brother, Opechancanough could not tolerate us. One day I was accompanying a group of men up the Chesapeake River. When we got back to Jamestown we found blood flowing down the streets. The natives had attacked our colony and killed 347 of our men . This started a series of attacks between us and them that lasted for the next 20 years. Finally in 1646 the fighting ceased when we captured Opechancanough and executed him . Because the native’s population numbers had dwindled due to diseases and war, they didn’t retaliate. Jamestown’s history with the natives is filled with death and misery. Just recently some colonists have again begun fighting the natives. A man by the name of Nathaniel Bacon led a group of colonist to attack native villages. The group’s goal was to claim more land and
The Natives wanted to continue making profit through trade such as fur trade, where beaver and otter fur were exchanged for guns, gunpowder, and other such items. As expressed in the Report of the Royal Commission to the Crown in 1677, the Indians were persistent in maintain trade even going so far as to secretly trade with English Governor of Charles County and his elite friends, even though colonists were not permitted to trade with them. This report expresses that the colonists, though they felt superior, still had some support from the Natives for desired goods. The Natives maintained this trade system, even though it upset many of the colonists because they felt the Governor was protecting the Indians rather than them, showing how a peaceful trade system was something that the Indians wanted to maintain at all costs. This document’s intended audience was the British government and King, as this was a report written to the Crown.
The common agreement to what happened at Jamestown is the near Native American tribe, the Powhatans, were cruel, vial, and refused to help the struggling English who would almost die out because of malnourishment. Though the Powhatans refused to feed the malnourished English people, even with the English leader John Smith begging for help, the Indians felt threatened by the English because of their presence, weapons, and John Smiths threats. Therefore, the Powhatans cut off ties with the English for the fear of starting violence (Doc G). The “starving time” had nothing to do with Powhatans lack of help and originated in the lack of skill the English people had and the violent treatment to the Powhatans. The English were left with little experience
In 1742 the chief of Onondaga of the Iroquois Confederacy knew that his land that the people shared would become more valuable than it has ever been. (Doc B)The reason for this was because the “white people” also known as the Americans wanted the land of the chief. The feelings of the Chief result in complaining to the representatives of Pennsylvania, Maryland and Virginia,
According to Theodore de Bry's engraving of the Massacre at Jamestown, it is shown that the Natives were savage and barbaric. The encounters between the Natives and the Colonists had been growing tense for some time before the Massacre occurred. The colony of Jamestown’s population had risen to over one thousand two hundred people between sixteen nineteen and sixteen twenty-two. In March of sixteen twenty-two the Natives decided to attack the colonists; killing over three hundred forty seven colonist. The engraving shows the Natives killing men, women, and children.
It was a fearful sight to see them thus frying in the fire, and the streams of blood quenching the same.” After the Pequot the wars, the colonists were free from the Native American for half a century. Facing death, disease, and the loss of their home, they have nothing to lose so the native peoples decided to strike back. They attacked and raid the colonist settlements, Mary Rowlandson’s town was one of them. Mary witnessed her town, her house burned down, and the people she know stripped naked and disemboweled.
Only sixty of the colonist had survived the harsh winter that will forever be known as the starving times. Sir Thomas Gates and Sir George Summers arrived in May 1610 with 150 people and some supplies from the Bermudas only to find the walking anomalies of Jamestown. Sir Thomas Gates took over as the new governor and order the immediate abandonment of Jamestown. They labored into June to build 4 ships to carry them all back to England. Once all were boarded and sailing down the James river, they spotted another ship headed their way.
Thesis: The English were a prideful group, entangled in ethnocentrism, that caused a condescending and harsh treatment of the Native Americans, while the Native Americans were actually a dynamic and superior society, which led to the resentment and strife between the groups. P1: English view of Native Americans in VA Even though the English were subordinates of the Powhatan, they disrespected him and his chiefdom due to their preconceived beliefs that they were inferior. “Although the Country people are very barbarous, yet have they amongst them such government...that would be counted very civil… [by having] a Monarchical government” (Smith 22). John Smith acknowledges the “very civil” government of the Natives but still disrespected them by calling them “very barbarous,” which
The colonists portrayed the natives as uncivilized barbarians, and John Smith’s account is the epitome of this idea. His portrayal of the story reflects the natives as inferiors while displaying the colonists as superior individuals who always have the upper hand. Smith describes how for “six or seven weeks those barbarians kept him prisoner,” however he was able to improve their image in the natives’ eyes so much that “those savages admired him more than their own” and he was able to gain back his freedom (Smith 63). John Smith uses bias in his account in order to generate a better look for himself over the natives. He expresses the overall general consensus in how the colonists felt about the natives, portraying them as overwhelmingly barbaric and savage-like who captured him for such a long period.
launched spring 1609 3. The Starving Time (winter of 1609-1610): 1 ship lost @ sea, 1 stranded on Bermuda island for
Although they have numerous differences their characteristics resulted from one important factor, which is, the reason the settlers came to the New World. This had an impact on the settlement, economically, socially, and politically. Settlements in the Chesapeake region included Maryland, Virginia, Pennsylvania and the New Jerseys. The first English colony, Jamestown,
The British colonies in the Chesapeake region and those of the New England region were both similar yet different in certain ways. One because both the colonist that settled there were looking for new opportunities. However, it was mostly second son aristocrats, which means the first born usually inherits the better half of the father’s riches. Their lives in England had either been mistreated or they were unable to flourish economically. Regardless of whether they were searching the land for expansive homesteads, religious freedom, or exchanging and merchant opportunities, the colonist in both regions were searching for another land in the New World.
“ ‘And now famine beginning to look ghastly and pale in every face that nothing was spared to maintain life and to do those things which seem incredible, as to dig up dead corpse out of graves and to eat them, and some have licked up the blood which hath fallen from their weak fellows’ “, reads a firsthand account from George Percy who was an eyewitness of cannibalism in Jamestown, during the “Starving Time” in 1609-1610. In the spring of May 1607, three English ships carried about 110 Englishmen who sailed to the mouth of a substantial bay on the coast of Virginia known as the Chesapeake Bay. Additionally, this was the first permanent English colony/settlement in the New World, United States. However, little did they know that the first year
The Natives believed that the Europeans are “edgy, rapacious, and remotely maladroit.” Sure enough, the settlers in Jamestown kenned little about farming and found the environment baffling. It was conspicuous that the colonists needed the avail of the Natives. Despite their inexperience the English dominated the Indians. From “the beginning the Virginia Company indited that the relationship would ineluctably become bellicose: for you Cannot Carry Your Selves so towards them but they will Grow Discontented with Your habitation.”
The colonists that came from England started off as friends with the nearby natives, this friendship began when the Indian Chief requested peace with colonists. He asked for the them to put away their guns in order to establish a better relationship, and although the colonists believed the Native Americans to be ‘barbaric’, they accepted the offer of peace. The English colonists and Native Americans, now being allies, even began trade with each other. Unfortunately, soon after peace had been established, the new chief began protesting the peace with the colonists. He arranged
“Columbus, the Indians, and Human Progress”, chapter one of “A People’s History of the United States”, written by professor and historian Howard Zinn, concentrates on a different perspective of major events in American history. It begins with the native Bahamian tribe of Arawaks welcoming the Spanish to their shores with gifts and kindness, only then for the reader to be disturbed by a log from Columbus himself – “They willingly traded everything they owned… They would make fine servants… With fifty men we could subjugate them all and make them do whatever we want.” (Zinn pg.1) In the work, Zinn continues explaining the unnecessary evils Columbus and his men committed unto the unsuspecting natives.