The Oresteia is a trilogy written by the Greek author Aeschylus that comprises of three plays; Agamemnon, the libation bearers, and the Eumenides. The central theme of this book is “justice” which in the case of Orestes has led to exile. This book was written at a time when the star of Athens was in decline. It was a time that marked the establishment of a new socio- political order, a democracy adjudicated by the rule of law. This rule of law meant the institutionalization of justice (i.e. having a justice system), where cases are heard and verdicts are being reached based on evidence. Justice shifted from been a personal vendetta or responsibility to been the responsibility of the state set down by the laws of the state. These represented a more democratic society, which was more modern. Literature as a whole is a direct representation of human existence and the beauty of the Greek drama is that it is portrayed in front of an audience, and as the words are being spoken the audience can directly relate and comprehend the actions of the characters. Hence, the theme of exile of Orestes in the Eumenides in the third part of the Oresteia is a lot more than alienating him from the rest of the world - it becomes a stepping stone for him to break free from political and social strife, question laws and believes that have been set down for many years and, bestow a new power upon himself and his society under a new form of justice. The Greek custom of exile was known as Ostracism.
The ‘Odyssey’ is a well known book based around Greek myths and Odysseus’ journey back home as he attains help from the Gods. In ‘The Odyssey’, Homer is able to use figurative language to express a recurring theme of vengeance. In Homer's ‘Odyssey’, he manages to express a theme of vengeance by how Odysseus is struggling with the consequences of revenge and how he deals with that. In book twenty-two Odysseus confronts the suitors about trying to seduce his wife while he was gone, when he reveals himself as Odysseus some of the suitors immediately try to compensate for the wrongs they’ve done.
The idea of 'justice' in ancient Greece is confusing. In both the trial in The Eumenides and the depiction of the trial in The Penelopiad, the “accused” do not deny the murders they commit. What seems to be more important is the reasoning and justification of the murder. In The Penelopiad, the court is depicted as a familiar 21st century model. The Attorney for the Defense opens the argument, “Was he or was he not justified in the slaughtering, … we do not dispute the slaughters themselves … [of] upwards of a hundred and twenty well-born young men, give or take a dozen (page 175, Penelopiad)”
Greek literature has forced a theme of tyrannical nemesis upon its contents. It is shown that fate and its agents have controlled the Greek sense of justice in a strictly one-sided method. This “dictatorship” of punishment has lead to countless deaths of innocent, and the release of guilty based on the decree of an individual. Sophocles introduces an opposition to the former ideal by presenting a seemingly unresolvable scenario. Neither the revenge of the Furies nor the compassion of Apollo can grant justice single-handedly upon the crimes of tragic Orestes.
In contrast, in the Oresteia, the myth demonstrates an overwhelming theme of justice. Agamemnons’ death here shows the curse hunting his household from generation to generation, starting from Agamemnon’s father
In The odyssey when Odysseus came back from his long over due stay away from his family where he spent ten long year away from his family where he did not even get to rise his own son and to have an to hole is wife Penelope but only by time he gets back from his trip he came home to see other people at his house with his family. For me personally I think the punishment what Odysseus gave to these wooers not so sever because Odysseus left his house better say his home town of tory for over twenty years he leave his one and only son with his wife because wasn’t expecting someone to take over his house. So the position I take one this issue of Odysseus taking revenge I would not say it was revenge I would simply put it as taking back what
ithin his lifetime Aeschylus bore witness to a series of constitutional changes that delivered Athens from its tyranny under Pisistratus and his sons to the establishment of a complete democracy. With this political transformation arrived dramatic social and cultural upheavals. The historical context ORESTEIA…. Athens was undergoing rapid and dramatic transformation from
One would assume that Herodotus would end his Histories with the Battle of Mycale, which marked Greece’s defeat and the end of the second Persian invasion of Greece, but he ends with three digressions from the main text. One of the digressions that Herodotus ends with includes the Siege of Sestos and the vengeance of Protesilaos. Through this digression, Herodotus maintains the theme of revenge and foreshows the future power and downfall of the Athenian Empire. The vengeance of Protesilaos shows the continuous theme of graphic revenge and its consequences.
It is this fate, I solemnly assure you, that I dread for you, when the time comes that you make your decision, and realize that there is no longer anything that can be done. May you never find yourselves, men of Athens, in such a position! Yet in any case, it would be better to die ten thousand deaths, than to do anything out of servitude towards Philip. A noble reward did the people in Oreus receive, for entrusting themselves to Philip's friends, and thrusting Euphraeus aside! And a noble reward the democracy of Eretria, for driving away your envoys!
For many decades the issue on men and the way they treat their wife’s can be thought of as an interesting topic. Something in particular is the story of “Euphiletus, A Husband Speaks in His Own Defense”, and “North Slope of the Areopagus” which symbolizes the way Ancient Athenian men acted towards their wife. To add, in a way, how much women can have a major impact on men’s lives. Taking place around 400 B.C.E, the ancient Athenian murder trial rationalizes around the speculations of marriage, the roles women took part in ancient Greece, and the fears a husband faces after failing to closely monitor his wife.
The actions of the play Libation Bearers by Aeschylus occurred in Argos after Clytemnestra killed her husband Agamemnon. Libation Bearers is like Sophocles’ Elektra regarding using the same myth and plot but differs with character development. Libation Bearers expands more on Orestes killing his mother rather than on Electra’s life after her father is killed like in Elektra. The play starts with Orestes calling out to the god Hermes asking him to protect him on his journey to carry out the deed to avenge his father. While at his father’s grave, Orestes sees his sister and her ladies in waiting, heading toward their father’s grave to give libations from their mother.
Odysseus’ slaughter of the suitors was an act of justice and revenge. The act was revenge because slaughtering 108 men for courting your wife and eating your food is insane. If someone did that present-day, society would frown upon the person who committed such an act. It would be considered mass-homicide and the person would be jailed for life. On the other hand, the act is a form of justice because of the setting of the story.
ANTIOPE was a princess of the Boiotian town of Hyria, a daughter of prince Nykteus. Although some say her real father was the god of the local river Asopos. Antiope was loved by the god Zeus who seduced her in the guise of a satyr on Mount Kithairon. When Nykteus discovered she was pregnant he threatened her, and so she fled the country and sought refuge with King Epitopes of Sikyon. The prince then killed himself in shame, persuading his brother Lykos to avenge his dishonour.
It can be seen as a trend throughout history that stories reflect a society’s culture and values. One of the most memorable and inspirational civilization that made a substantial contribution to literature was Greece. Sophocles, a renowned Greek playwright, is beloved for his dramatic and action-filled plays that effectively satisfied the ancient audience. In Sophocles’ tragic play, Oedipus the King, the main character, Oedipus finds difficulty proclaiming his purpose against the fate bestowed upon him by the gods. Alongside his struggling, the values and cultural aspects of the Greeks emerge, reflecting their views on society during that time period at which the play was produced.
Both Euripides Mythical Troy and Osofisan;s historical Owu are presented as autonomous city states under long time sieges- to which they eventually capitulated with the attendant loss of sovereignty, lives and liberty. While there is not much of a physical/mental connection by the readers /audience of todays drama to Euripides Troy, the same cannot be said of Osofisan’s Kingdom of Owu which provides unique references to a historic political reality; the Owu war. On an easily, accessible level of interpretation, both plays show the horrors of