The Uses and Gratification theory by Elihu Katz came into existence when the theorist concocted the idea that individuals utilize the media to their advantage. The point of view rose in the mid 1970 's as Katz and his two associates, Jay Blumler and Michael Gurevitch kept on extending the thought. The theory was contemporary since it repudiated more seasoned perspectives that expected the gathering of people was an inactive gathering. The Uses and Gratifications Approach sees the gathering of people as dynamic, implying that they effectively search out particular media and substance to accomplish certain outcomes or delights that fulfill their own needs.
The wellsprings of the media picked are unmistakable. As Jay Blumler brings up in his book The Use of Mass Communication, where he asserts that studies have demonstrated that crowd satisfactions can be gotten from no less than three particular sources: media content, introduction to the media in essence, and social connection that encapsulates the circumstance of presentation to various media (Blumler 1974). It is clear that groups of viewers invest energy utilizing the media as a part of different ways. Whether they are killing time or utilizing it as a social instrument, every medium is novel in its motivation.
The theory has five essential presumptions. As Katz, Blumler, and Gurevitch (1974) clarify in the book Mass Communication Research, the principal suspicion is that the gathering of people is considered as active.
Mischel believes that cognitive factors govern how people will respond to environmental forces. He started a study of delayed gratification in the late 1960s. Delayed gratification is one’s ability to abstain from instant but less-desirable outcomes in favor of deferred by more desirable outcomes. The study explored children’s self-control or willpower by use of a simple yet effective experiment. The study was useful in demonstrating the importance of the ability to delay gratification.
Richard Rodriguez’s chapter excerpt “The Achievement of Desire” illustrates an example of the scholarship boy. Richard Rodriguez defines “scholarship boy” as a person from a working-class background desires to assimilate into a higher class. The character of Paul from John Guare’s Six Degrees of Separation (1990), represents Richard Rodriguez’s scholarship boy, by trying to assimilate into the culture of the white upper society and thereby losing his heritage and personal identity by repudiation of his original “working class” language, and also putting up his scholarship boy persona to connect with the higher class by using the scholarship boy ’s mimicry, his own persistence, and impersonation of the dominant, hierarchical class. Rodriguez
One of the theories I learned about in this course was the Goals-Plans-Action theory, developed by James Price Dillard. This theory is a theory of message production that people use for communication to influence or change the attitudes and the behaviors that the maker of the message finds desirable. As Dillard states, “Goals-Plans-Action (GPA) Theory was developed to explain the process by which people produce messages like these – messages that are intended to change or maintain the attitudes or behavior of others.” The general purpose of this theory is to use it as a model to specify how people produce messages.
In “The Achievement of Desire”, Richard Rodriguez expresses his frustration with his parent’s lack of English knowledge. He has a strained relationship with his parents due to the fact that English isn’t their first language and they don’t value education like he does. He has made it his mission to become a scholarship boy, which is someone who dedicates their life to school work to, in the end, have a successful profession. He resents his parents for not sharing his interest in learning. In “The Achievement of Desire” is states that, “Unlike many middle-class children, [Rodriguez] goes home and sees his parents a way of life not only different but starkly opposed to that of the classroom” (340).
This is the audience commodity, which perform marketing functions and work at the production and reproduction of labour power. There, Smythe put stress on the three parts in his theory: Media only create one commodity, and that is the audience; All media are in the collection, packaged and sold to advertisers the audience. In this process, the content is the second; Media industry
Cultivation theory also known as Cultivation hypothesis it was originally proposed by G Gerber, but later expanded on by Geber and Gross, this theory proposes that when someone is exposed to the media for certain period of time the individual tends to view the world from the point of the media. For example, an individual that has been exposed to high frequency of television might have a distorted view of their environment making it seem like what is seen on television is the way the world actually is, this theory is mainly use to study the impact of the media. Gerber and Gross divided the television viewers into heavy and light viewers he gave the argument that those who spend more hours watching television are likely to
One of the recent important theories that concentrate on enjoyment that media consumers get from media is Disposition Theory. As states Arthur A. Raney in his article, “Why do we like what we like?”
TITLE: ‘Using two theories of motivation you have studied, discuss the importance of motivation in the workplace.’ Research Question: What are the theories of motivation and how do they impact the success of a business?
Who is the audience? What other forms of media connect to this topic? I used these questions to form an argument that
Formulate a five to seven page double-spaced paper addressing factors that may make an individual prone to addictive experiences, be it biological, psychological, or environmental. Incorporate your own thoughts related to the coursework that you have studied and conduct outside research to support your thoughts. There are different factors that might cause an individual to be prone to addictive experiences. The factors can include the person’s environment. Addictive experience can also be based on their mental stability.
Psychosocial theory is a list of theories developed by Erickson to describe the stages of development. In my personal life, I feel that each stage of my life was affected by the first, and most important stage: Trust vs. Mistrust. According to Erikson, this is the most crucial stage that will affect all other stages of development. Children learn the basics of relying on parental guidence for feeding, consistency and physical contact. I feel that the stage that is most appropriate for where I am in my life right now is identity vs. Role confusion; and this is so because of my adoption.
The Mass media have substantial affect in evaluating what the predominating assumption is, since our quick discernment is limited to sa little rate of the populace. The broad communications have a huge effect on how popular conclusion is depicted, and can significantly affect a singular 's observation about where general assumption lies, whether that depiction is
the theory. My argument proceeds in 4 sections: In the first section, I will articulate Lukas’ argument for self-regarding restriction and why idealized restriction does not work well. In the second section, I will show that Lukas’ argument for self-regarding restriction is not the best form of argument for Desire Satisfactionism, for the restriction that only desires which are relevant to well-being are counted can encompass irrelevant desires as well. In the third section, I will offer a response on Lukas’ behalf.
Media are platforms of mass communication that can be categorized as either new of traditional media, with new media being forms of communication that make use of technologies such as the Internet, and traditional media being more conventional forms of media such as newspapers. Media, primarily new media, is getting more popular and influential, especially in today’s day and age since we are exposed to it a lot more than in the past and also since media is more easily accessible now. The media can shape our behaviours, perceptions and opinions, and it is important to know how people are influenced and impacted by it. The media can influence someone’s perception of social reality, or perceptions of beauty or even influence people’s behaviours and habits and therefore, the media does shape who we are. One way that the media can shape who we are is by influencing our perception of social reality.
I no doubt use different types of media every day. Whether it’s my phone, computer or the radio I can’t seem to escape the media world we live in. I watch a lot of TV especially TV shows like supernatural which is an American fantasy horror TV show. This fits into the diversion aspect of the uses and gratification theory because it helps me seek relief from boredom and also because it’s entertaining. I also watch a lot of sports on TV because I enjoy it, and I like to watch sports with other people because I like to talk about what is going on.