Truss Bridge Research Paper

ABSTRACT
Being in our early stage of civil engineering, the topic CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES is of great use and importance in our life. It is therefore necessary to understand meaning of bridges ,their basics of construction and their importance.Some important points to be looked upon are –
1. Monitoring of bridges
2. Failures
3. Machines used in construction
4. Common equipments
5. Some history about Bridges
6. Some famous bridges
So attempt was made to understand these concepts through this project. Though the topic is very vast, so all minor facts and points are not possible to be covered.

LIST OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. TYPES OF BRIDGES
2.1 BASED ON STRUCTURE
2.1.1 BEAM BRIDGE
2.1.2 TRUSS BRIDGE
2.1.3 CANTILEVER BRIDGE
2.1.4 ARCH

This truss is structure of connected elements forming triangular units. The connected elements (typically straight) may be stressed from tension, compression, or sometimes both in response to dynamic loads. Truss bridges are one of the oldest types of modern bridges. The basic types of truss bridges shown in this article have simple designs which could be easily analyzed by nineteenth and early twentieth century engineers. A truss bridge is economical to construct owing to its efficient use of materials. FIG:2.1.2

2.1.3CANTILEVER BRIDGE
Cantilever bridges are built using cantilevers—horizontal beams supported on only one end. Most cantilever bridges use a pair of continuous spans that extend from opposite sides of the supporting piers to meet at the center of the obstacle the bridge crosses. Cantilever bridges are constructed using much the same materials & techniques as beam bridges. The difference comes in the action of the forces through the bridge.
The largest cantilever bridge is the 549-metre (1,801 ft) Quebec Bridge in Quebec, Canada FIG: 2.1.3

2.1.4ARCH BRIDGE
Arch bridges have abutments at each end. The weight of the bridge is thrust into the abutments at either side. The earliest known arch bridges were built by the Greeks, and include the Arkadiko

It is being constructed by Afcons. Many experts throughout the globe, based on their versatile and relevant experience, have been involved, in order to make this project a success.
National codes of India, Indian Railway Standards (IRS), Indian Road Congress (IRC) and Indian Standards (IS) have been supplemented with International standards; British Standards (BS), International Union of Railways (UIC) and Euro, as national codes, were found inadequate for such large spans. The Quality aspect has been emphasized, as the quantum of fabrication and welding is colossal. Mostly indigenous material has been planned to be used, whereas for the design, international codes have been referred, which means the Quality Control work is still