Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia were just some old civilizations that were the same, except one had sand, right? Wrong. Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia had a lot of interesting similarities and differences. The only problem is that we don’t notice a lot of them today, so therefore, I’ll be talking about today. In this essay, I’m going to be comparing and contrasting the civilizations' politics and governments, their geography, and if they were an empire or kingdoms, and why.
Let’s start by talking about each of their politics and governments.
According to our ‘Religion in Mesopotamia notes,’ Mesopotamia was ruled by kings, who were thought to be chosen by the god Enlil. Egypt was also governed by one individual called the Pharoah, who was like a king. The kings and pharaohs were believed to be superior beings that were in contact with the gods. As the ‘gift of the Nile notes’ said, Pharaohs were believed to be in contact with the
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No way they have any similarities!” but you’d be surprised. Mesopotamia means the land between two rivers, and these two rivers are the Tigris and Euphrates. According to our map of Ancient Egypt notes, Egypt was built on the banks of the Nile River, meaning that both civilizations were by rivers, with very fertile land. Both of these societies were therefore based on agriculture, and this caused them to develop new things, for instance, Ancient Egypt’s Shaduf irrigation tool, which we see in primary source five. As we hear in our ‘Map of Ancient Egypt’ notes, Egypt was dominated by dunes, rocks, and desert plains, while according to this Khan Academy article, Mesopotamia was bone-dry land that caused them to invent irrigation to farm the land. Each of these civilizations also had different goods in their area. Mesopotamia had stuff like copper, shells, red limestone, lapis lazuli, cotton, pearls, and ivory, while Egypt had gold, grain, linen, and