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Metaphors In Literature

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UNIVERSITATEA DIN CRAIOVA FACULTATEA DE LITERE MASTER: STUDII DE LIMBĂ ENGLEZĂ ŞI LITERATURI ANGLO-AMERICANE MODUL: LIMBĂ LUCRARE DE DISERTAŢIE COORDONATOR ŞTIINŢIFIC: Lector-Univ. Dr. ANA-MARIA TRANTESCU ABSOLVENT: MIHAELA HOPÎRTEAN CRAIOVA, 2015 UNIVERSITATEA DIN CRAIOVA FACULTATEA DE LITERE MASTER: STUDII DE LIMBĂ ENGLEZĂ ŞI LITERATURI ANGLO-AMERICANE MODUL: LIMBĂ COGNITIVE LINGUISTICS COORDONATOR ŞTIINŢIFIC: Lector-Univ. Dr. ANA MARIA TRANTESCU ABSOLVENT: …show more content…

Metaphors can characterize everyday abstract concepts (i.e. time, states, change, causation and purpose). In this regard, Lakoff (1993:203) claims that “the study of literary metaphor is an extension of the study of everyday metaphor. Everyday metaphor is characterized by a huge system of thousands of cross-domain mappings and this system is made use of in novel metaphor.” The term metaphor is defined as a “device that involves conceptualizing one domain of experience in terms of another, a mapping of the structure of the source domain onto a target model. The mapping between these two different conceptual domain is carried out by means of metaphor.”Neagu(2005:157) Two types of metaphors are distinguished: conceptual and linguistic. While the former metaphors involve two concepts and have the form A is B where concept A (the target domain) is understood in terms of concept B (the source domain), the latter metaphors (metaphorical linguistic expressions) are linguistic manifestations (instantiations) of conceptual metaphors. Both of them may be highly conventionalized or they may be unconventional or …show more content…

Lovers cannot be going the way they 've been going. They are at a crossroads. Their relationship is on the rocks. The contemporary metaphor theorists consider that metaphors are not mere words. We would expect different linguistic expressions to be different metaphors whether they were mere linguistic expressions. For instance, They 've hit a dead-end street would constitute one metaphor, Their marriage is on the rocks would involve a different metaphor , and They can 't turn back now would constitute another, entirely different metaphor. Lakoff suggests the use of the term ‘metaphor’ for the conceptual mappings rather than for linguistic expressions, as he considers mapping primary, even if metaphors involves both conceptual mappings and individual linguistic expressions. For the LOVE IS A JOURNEY metaphor, Lakoff proposes a set of ontological correspondences: • The lovers correspond to travelers. • The love relationship correspond to the vehicle. • The lovers ' common goals correspond to their common destinations on the journey. • Difficulties in the relationship correspod to impediments to

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