Ontiretse Moatshe 12F
History: Ms. Murray
One Research Task 2018
26 February 2018
Literature Review Draft 1
Page Breakdown ORT 2018
Pg 1 Cover Page
Pg 2 Page Breakdown
Pg 3. Topic and Introduction
Pg 4-12 Literature Review
Research Topic: To what extent did Alice Walker and Anna Julia Cooper influence the rise of the "Womanist" movement in the 1980s in the USA?
(Introduction to what will be analysed)
Source C: The Second Wave of Feminism and the Race Factor https://www.britannica.com/topic/femism
Summary: The Second Wave of Feminism is described as being the new era of rebellion. As a result of occurring at the same time as the Civil Rights Movement, discussion around the history of women’s oppression was prompted, according to the
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Alice Walker (being the “founder”) was a renowned author who reflected on the experiences of African Americans as part of the US community. From its origins, according to the source, two separate women’s movements formed as white women were not interested in supporting the rights of their counterparts. In this way, feminism began to operate on the same "binary oppositions", similarly to patriarchy. Systematic analysis of the overlapping of gender, class and race discrimination influenced various movements such as Womanism. Source K: Feminism has failed and needs a radical rethink. https://theconversation.com/feminism-has-failed-and-needs-aradical-rethink-55441 Summary: This source speaks about the need to re-evaluate the aims of feminism in a modern context, by reviewing the failures of the Second Wave Movement. The initial aim being the need to create radical shifts in gender power and eliminating gender bias. It speaks about how they managed to fix legal barriers and neglected the cultural changes- this is attributed to the arrival of neoliberalism in the 1980s- which reinforced gender inequities. This source analyses the idea of the “Second Sex” and redefines feminism through de Beauvoir 's …show more content…
This opinion may not express multiple perspectives and reactions and as a result, we are limited in what we know of people’s experiences at the time.
Source I: Womanist Theology and Ethics https://search.proquest.com/openview/4812a9ca466512e0330411faa8b783a0/1?pg-origsite=gscholar&cbl=1821483 Summary: This source evaluates the initial contributions of Anna Julia Cooper to the womanist thought. Her motivation came with her need for Black women to begin expressing herself. Cooper was critical of white men and women as well as black men in the way that they silenced the Black female voice.
Source 9: Black Feminist Studies: The Case of Anna Julia Cooper https://muse.jhu.edu/article/388643/summary Summary: This source speaks of the emergence of black feminist studies in the 1970s. The group of feminist scholars established the importance of black female literature i.e. Alice Walker and Anna Julia Cooper. The source discusses Cooper’s “significance in the development of black feminist discourse and its theory building around