Analysis Of Thoreau's On Civil Disobedience

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Thoreau 's “On Civil Disobedience”, published in 1849, promotes the idea that people have an obligation towards their moral values, and thus they must stand up for those values, even if those are opposed to the government. Thoreau emphasizes the significant roles that authenticity and activism play in one’s life, which encourage action and renounce determinism. By presenting the central ideas that arise from this essay, I will argue that Thoreau, supported by Locke’s Treatise of Government, exhibits ideas affiliated with Libertarianism. In contrast to the hypothesis that a priori knowledge is the only kind of knowledge that expresses certainty about ontological truths, independent of external experience, Transcendentalism advances the idea that there is also an internal a priori kind of knowledge which is reliable and expresses each individual’s truth. According to the book, American Transcendentalism: a history, Transcendentalism advocates this internal knowledge as “present in each individual […] which allows one to distinguish between right and wrong, good and bad, God and Satan, and it supersedes any outward laws or injunctions” (168). Transcendentalism, therefore, holds that there is a congenital element embedded within people that allows them to discern truth and morality in the world, with a high degree of certainty, similar to that which empirical evidence offers. According to the Oxford Handbook of Transcendentalism, Emerson argues that “humankind was ever