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Annotated Bibliography: Carbon Dioxide Capture And Sequestration

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Ocean Acidification (How is today’s technology negatively affecting the ocean and marine life?) An Annotated Bibliography
EPA. “Carbon Dioxide Capture and Sequestration: Overview.” EPA, Environmental Protection Agency, 6 Jan. 2017. Accessed 30 Mar. 2018.
Summary: The article goes over what carbon dioxide capture and sequestration really is, along with why it is beneficial to both our society and the environment. Sequestration is basically storing something, such as the underground storing of carbon dioxide in this case. With the implication of carbon dioxide capture and sequestration worldwide, we may be able to drastically reduce the amount of carbon dioxide emissions into the air.
Assessment: This article is an archive from the EPA’s website, …show more content…

He goes over a technology called carbon capture and storage. By using this technology, when fossil fuels are combusted, the resulting gas is passed through a filter where the carbon dioxide is separated from the rest of the gas. He also goes over how this process can be used with solids as well. Once the carbon dioxide is separated, the resulting pure stream of carbon dioxide can then be transported to storage sites such as coal seams or depleted oil fields. The carbon dioxide can then be treated to produce various substances such as hydrogen and chlorine gases, as well as sodium bicarbonate which can be sold cheaply for various industrial purposes.
Assessment: The author of this article does not use much resources to back up his statements which causes him to lose credibility in his article. He does not use logos, ethos, or pathos that much which leads to a further reduction in credibility. He only uses ethos in a small portion when he credits the EPA when mentioning the temperature changes will have drastic changes in the …show more content…

Ocean acidification is the drop of pH in the water of the ocean. This happens when the ocean absorbs the carbon within the air directly above it. Since the industrial revolution, the pH of the ocean has dropped from 8.2 to 8.1. It also talks about the impacts ocean acidity has on ocean life, such as the bleaching of various types of coral worldwide. Fish may also succumb to the effects of ocean acidification. Like humans, when fish inject acid, the results are not good. It can have both internal and external results, both of which are not healthy for the fish. The article goes over some methods of reducing and stabilizing the amount of carbon dioxide in the air, such as reducing the use of fossil fuels and finding more carbon sinks such as mangroves and seagrass beds. The ideas of geoengineering are also spoken of in the article. With the use various methods, the containment and stabilization of carbon dioxide in the air is

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This becomes a much larger problem when Kolbert talks about the reefs on our world. She states: "This is because out in the real world, reefs are constantly being eaten away at by fish and sea urchins and burrowing worms" (Kolbert). What Kolbert means by this is as the PH levels in our oceans drop, the rate at which reefs grow will decrease. With the decrease in production rates, the reefs will not be able to keep up with the fish and other organisms that break them. World wonders will slowly begin to erode away to extinction and

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Exhaust of CO2 can be used for Geological sequestration. Exhaust system is required to be redesigned for this type of exhaust and collection of CO2 will be done by this in a separate reservoir, and from this reservoir this collected CO2 can be supplied to a storage unit for further processing and this will help in minimizing the carbon footprint in the

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The EPA’s first success was by creating an agreement with automobile companies to lessen the emission of unburned hydrocarbons by 85%. In 1980 the pollution levels improved by half in major cities. These contributions are important, because the

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To know how to stop something, we must first learn the problems. Here is one big problem, and evidence that this is because climate change. The ocean acidity has increased as have the amount of dead organisms died in the ocean because there wasn't enough air in the water. This has only been happening in the past 50-75 years because we have also increased the usage of

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There are two proven cause of ocean acidification. The primary cause is the increased in amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Presently, the ocean adsorbs approximately one third of the anthropogenic carbon dioxide (National Geography), which when dissolved in water, produce carbonic acid and hydrogen ions. The other cause is additional pollutant that enter the ocean. When

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The author mentions that a large portion of the stored carbon is sold off to oil companies the use the carbon dioxide to pump out oils from wells; Biello criticizes this process

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B. Another effect is that the rising temperature of the ocean is leading to the rising acidity of the ocean. Per edf.org the acidity of the ocean has risen forty percent leading to the death of sea life. Perhaps the most prominent example of this is the Great Barrier Reef. It is estimated that nearly 67% of the northern part of the Great Barrier Reef is either dead or dying.

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Carbon dioxide from human activity goes into the atmosphere. However, as carbon dioxide dissolves in seawater, it forms carbonic acid, acidifying the ocean. Ocean acidification will likely cause serious harm to marine organisms such as corals, lobsters, and sea urchins. Al Gore brought up the causes on Hurricane Katrina was man made. It is crazy, to imagine that even after years they are still trying to recover from it.

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The topic of this research paper will cover over Ocean Acidification and the effects on marine ecosystems. Ocean acidification is the decrease in pH levels of the Earth 's oceans, due to overbearing carbon dioxide being brought by the atmosphere. The carbon dioxide is drawn by seawater, where the chemical reactions take place, which minimize the pH levels in the ocean, the carbonate levels and the important calcium carbonate which these sea creatures need. When carbon dioxide disperses in this ocean, it causes the levels of acidity to rise towards the the surface, where most shell growth in marine animals have been stopped and has created the cause of reproductive disorders in multiple fish. Part of the problem with ocean acidification is human activity.

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