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Review paper on eating disorders 2012 - 2017
Review paper on eating disorders 2012 - 2017
Eating disorders in modern society
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"Now, I don 't like to compare. Facebook and Instagram are very image-driven, so I try to avoid that.” Rojas added, “Users support one another 's self-destructive behaviors through shared tips and tricks — and promote the notion that an eating disorder is a lifestyle choice, not a serious mental illness.” We need to realize how it can lead to damaged and unrealistic ideas of women 's ultimate body’s type. Rojas added, “An estimated 30 million Americans suffer from a clinically significant eating disorder (20 million women and 10 million men) at some time in their life, according to NEDA.”
While plenty of books have been written about girls and eating disorders, this is one of the few and the best about a male with an eating
In “The Globalization of Eating Disorders”, written by Susan Bordo in 2003, the author declares that eating and body disorders have increased rapidly throughout the entire globe. Susan Bordo, attended Carleton University as well as the State University of New York, is a modern feminist philosopher who is very well known for her contributions to the field of cultural studies, especially in ‘body studies’ which grants her the credibility to discuss this rising global issue (www.wikipedia.org, 2015). She was correspondingly a professor of English and Women Studies at the University of Kentucky which gives her the authority to write this article. “The Globalization of Eating Disorders” is written as a preface to her Pulitzer Price-nominated book “Unbearable Weight: Feminism, Western Culture, and the Body” which was similarly written in 2003. Through the use of many logical arguments and evidence, Bordo successfully manages to convince her audience that the media, body images and culture have severely influenced the ‘so-called’ trending standard of beauty and how it leads to eating disorders across the world.
There are many different opinions regarding eating disorders whether they are genetic, ethnic, cultural problems, or a culturally reactive problem. Stereotypes from the past believe that white middle class adolescents have the most related problems to eating disorders because of their anglo-saxon cultural backgrounds. Research has shown that imagery of the ideal Western body has had a chain reaction of body shape and eating habit conflict between all ethnicities, cultures, and sexes. The issue between the two viewpoints is whether the problems associated with eating disorders is cultural or culturally reactive.
Additionally, from the author's note, the reason she does not using the term "eating disorder" is because "it categorizes the problems as individual pathologies, which deflects attention away from the social inequalities underlying them." There should
American Psychiatric Association (1993), “Practice Guidelines for Eating Disorders.” American Journal of Psychiatry, 150 (2), pp 212-228. Arthur-Cameselle, Jessyca N., and Paula A. Quatromoni. " Factors Related to the Onset of Eating Disorders Reported by Female Collegiate Athletes." Sport Psychologist 25.1 (2011): 1-17.
“Women are three times as likely to experience anorexia (0.9 percent of women vs. 0.3 percent of men) and bulimia (1.5 percent of women vs. 0.5 percent of men) during their life. They are also 75 percent more likely to have a binge eating disorder (3.5 percent of women vs. 2.0 percent of men).” (Chambliss & Eglitis, 2016 p.
They often have an intense fear of fat and gaining weight and often have distorted views of their own body image (Shapiro 2). Thus, they resort to severe food restriction, periods of fasting and even various purging methods for weight loss (Grilo 5). On the other hand, Bulimic patients often binge-eat and then looking for methods to get rid of the food due to guilt by various purging methods (i.e., self-induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives or diuretics and excessive exercise) (Grilo 5). Although many say that the media causes eating disorders, studies have shown that the media is not the main cause of eating disorders. The media does have a part to play in causing the rise in eating disorders in today’s society.
This topic is important due to the fact that there are so many out there that are active in the LGBT community and others that are still afraid to come out, and all need health care. The Institute of Medicine has conducted an 18 month analysis (which includes an extensive literature review, as well as an outside review by 14 reviewers) of the state of the science on the health status of LGBT populations. This review was done to identify the gaps in research and opportunities to increase the knowledge about the LGBT communities overall health. From the study the Institute of Medicine concluded that “It is the committee’s hope that this report will not only assist NIH in its goal of promoting the nation’s health through research, but also advance the public’s understanding about the health of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender people” (IOM,
Health Risks and Factors Associated with Positive Health Outcomes in Transgender Women There are an estimated 1 million people in the United States who identify as transgender, although demographic data is limited because many data collection tools do not include options for those who are transgendered to identify as such (Stroumsa, 2014). According the the Institute of Medicine’s (IOM) 2011 report on the health of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender persons (LGBTQ) in the United States, estimates on the size of the female transgender population ranges from one in 2,900 to one in 100,000, based on the number of transgender adults presenting for treatment of gender dysphoria worldwide. The IOM report (2011) found in its research review
Queer people face higher rates of depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive and phobic disorders, suicidality, self-harm, and substance use, as well, are twice as likely to develop post-traumatic stress disorder. Queer youth and trans people face increased risk. Queer youth face approximately 14 times the risk of suicide (DeAngelis, 2002) and more likely to suffer substance abuse than their heterosexual peers. According to an Ontario-based survey, 77% of trans respondents have seriously considered suicide and 45% had attempted suicide (Lefler,
Minority sexual orientation is also associated with higher levels of mental health morbidity in Australian women. Over 34.8 per cent of lesbian and bisexual women had been diagnosed with depression by a doctor compared to 22.8 per cent of women in the general population. Almost one in five (19.3 per cent) lesbian and bisexual participants in a West Australian study reported current treatment for a mental health problem including anxiety, depression, and stress-related problems compared to 8.5 per cent of women in the general population. Stigmatisation, discrimination and lack of social support may play a role in explaining poorer mental
Effects of the Binge Eating Disorder toward a person’s emotional state The Binge Eating Disorder is one of the main issues of our society nowadays. This disorder is suffered by a variety of people. It is not exclusive to people of a specific age or sex, but it attacks anyone who might be undergoing depression, has unhealthy and unsupervised dieting plans, and coping skill problems.
A research published by the International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association
Research Research today highlights some of these very issues identified by Chris and Chris. Statistics indicate LGBT individuals have higher percentages of drug and alcohol abuse, are ate greater risk for depression and suicidal ideation, and identity crises. “Conversations taking place in today’s therapy offices reflect the change. Although many lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgendered (LGBT) people still bring issues of discrimination and fear of rejection to their psychologists’ offices, they are just a likely to discuss such mainstream issues as parents and fears about aging” (DeAngelis, 2002). Substance Abuse “Studies suggest that up to 33% of the LGBTQI population have difficulty controlling their drug or alcohol use, compared to 3-10% of the heterosexual population” (Leible, 2012).
