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The Knee Joint

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Introduction The knee joint is most commonly involved in many sports injuries and as modern sport is being more and more competitive, more complex knee injury patterns are being recognized. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a very commonly involved ligament in these injuries.8 The knee joint is a large compound type of synovial joint. Due to the lack of bony support, stability of the joint is highly dependent on its supporting ligamentous structures, and therefore injuries of ligaments and menisci are extremely common especially in active individuals like athletes, labours and soldiers. Anterior cruciate ligament is an intra-articular, extra synovial structure present in the central complex of knee joint. It functions in …show more content…

Broadly the mechanism of injury can be classified into two categories- contact and noncontact type. In India both of these types of mechanisms are involved in injuries in non sporting personnel resulting from sudden stepping down from bus, train, fall from stairs etc, and in individuals who is participating in traditional, sports like kabaddi, rural wrestling, kho-kho with cricket.11 Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the major stabilizer of the knee, and its rupture is mainly associated to an indirect mechanism of trauma followed by hemarthrosis. The anterior instability may evolve to meniscal and chondral degenerative injuries. Symptoms of ACL injury may vary from just pain and Swelling to gross instability of knee joint, leading to reduced functional capacity and inability to take part in sports and productive activities. This may lead to poor quality of life, affecting the socio economic status of the …show more content…

Arthroscopically assisted techniques for ACL reconstruction have resulted in smaller incisions without disturbing adjacent uninvolved anatomic structures. The recovery and rehabilitation following these procedures has also been shortened. The advantages to surgeons include visual enhancement and magnification of the intercondylar notch as well as assessing and treating associated articular cartilage and meniscus injuries.15
Various mode of fixation of graft are also available like Tran’s fixation device, end button, bio screws, ligament staples etc. To control rotatory instability number of authors has suggested reconstruction of not only antero-medial but also
Posterior -lateral instability. The double bundle ACL has wider contact areas between the bone and grafted tendon than a single bundle ACL via hamstring tendon, which means that only the margins of the tendon graft is anchored to collagen fibres resembling sharpey’s fibres and the tunnel wall in ACL reconstruction. However many studies in recent shown similar results and rotational stability even in single bundle reconstruction.

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It also provides stability when rotating the shinbone(Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injuries.). 13. Why have knee injuries in children risen over the past years? Children are very focused on one sport only.

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Prevention programs The main focus of this paper was base on ACL injuries within young female athletes. As previously mentioned ACL rates have shown an increase over the past 20 years with females being more at risk than males. What is a prevention program? Prevention programs are programs designed to modify or eliminate risk factors in order to reduce injuries (Alentorn-Geli et al., 2009).

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If this was to happen then more problems could occur then just the ACL reconstruction. Which then could result in another surgery. Removing too much of the tendon could cause a patella fracture but is a very rare state. Also can cause damage to the extensor mechanism. All of the following cons could happen during the surgery.

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Having to receive Tommy John surgery can lead to various effects on one’s career. Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries were often problematic early on in Major League Baseball. UCL injuries would often end careers because modern medicine had not caught on to what was happening to the arms of these athletes. Dr. Frank Jobe

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The cartilage can be damaged or worn by previous injury such as an elbow dislocation or fracture. Another reason for this injury to occur would be the deterioration of the joint cartilage due to aging. This injury typically affects the weight bearing joints. However osteoarthritis least affects the elbow joint because of its well matched joint surfaces, strong stabilizing ligaments and it can tolerate large forces without becoming unstable. Osteoarthritis is diagnosed based on the symptoms and x-rays of the elbow joints (which shows the arthritic changes).

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Ligament injuries can be a stretch of the ligament or a tear. A MCL injury is usually cause by a blow to the knee which is common in contact sports. MCL injuries can be categorized by three grades. A grade one MCL injury is the least severe. This just means that the ligament has been stretched but is not torn.

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Patellar Dislocation and Subluxation With Phase I Rehab Patellar dislocation and patellar subluxation are injuries that happen when the kneecap (patella) slips out of its normal position in a groove in the end of the thighbone (femur). In a patellar dislocation, the kneecap slips all the way out of the groove. In a patellar disoclation, it slips partly out of the goove. CAUSES

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These injuries are from being hit or pushed directly to either side of the knee which will cause a sprain to which ever side has been hit. There

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Our Journey As I look back upon our journey with the Knee to Knee Couples Club, I feel an overwhelming sense of pride, fulfillment and accomplishment that God gave me the vision and the inspiration to begin the club and what a journey it has been! As the solo officer of The Family Life Department of The Bethany SDA Church in 2003, I felt it necessary and important that the church be more proactive to strengthen families and improve the quality of their relationships. Strong families in the church would translate into a stable church empowered to fulfill God’s mandate for this world.

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Compress your knee with an elastic bandage and elevate on while laying down, the injured knee should be above the heart. Anti-inflammatory medication is also effective when trying to reduce pain. If you are not having instability in your knee then most of the average people let it heal on it 's own because they wouldn 't have to take to risk of surgery (Cluett 25). Surgery is a risk, many athletes are concerned about the small risk of transmission of infections. Diseases like AIDS can be transferred because of the true graft operation where an ACL is taken from a dead human and used as the ligament of someone else.

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In adults, the elbow is the second most dislocated joint in the body, succeeding shoulder dislocations. Most elbow dislocations occur in the posterior direction, which causes a disengagement of the “coronoid process of the ulna from the trochlea of the humerus” (Chicharoen, Kwon, Windle, & Lovato, 2014). Typically, the mechanism of injury is falling on an outstretched hand (FOOSH) with the elbow in an extended position upon impact. For example, an athlete participating in the first practices for two-a-day fall football was running a defensive back contact drill, and upon collision of the ground, the athlete extended his arm to catch himself. This case study, as like many previous athletes, presented with a shortened forearm that was held in

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ACL tears can affect lots of people but with surgery you can come back from an injury better than before. ACL tears are a serious injury because they do not heal themselves so no matter what they will require surgery or rehab to make the knee more stable. Usually it tear by doing athletic stuff such as sports. When the ACL tears people will usually feel a pop of the muscle tearing. Tackling can tear your ACL if you get hit on the side of the knee.

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In each knee joint, there is two pieces of C-shaped cartilage which lies between the surfaces of the femur and tibia. The lateral side of the meniscus is known ad lateral meniscus while the medial side is known as medial meniscus. The major role of the menisci is to absorb the impact load between the femur and tibia and also to provide some degree of stabilization to

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From 2010 to 2013 players in the NFL suffered 219 ACL tears. That is a very high number for only ACL tears. There is many other knee injuries that are possible to happen. People need to make sure they don’t go back to sports too early after the injury. The risk of reinjury is a lot higher if you return to early.

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History of George Orwell: George Orwell adopted that name because of his patriotism towards England. George was the name of the king at the time and Orwell was the name a river, of his favorite countryside location. His legal name was Eric Arthur Blair and was born on June 25, 1903 in Motihari, a British providence at the time where his father worked. At the age of one he moved to England. After some time being there he managed to obtain enough scholarships to attend St. Cyprian.

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