1. Industrial revolution The Industrial revolution Started in eighteenth Century sixty, the second half of eighteenth Century, the production of capitalism completed the transition from the handicraft industry to the machinery industry. From the revolution makes the machine to replace handicraft labor; the machinery factory to replace the handicraft industry. The industrial revolution has created a huge productivity, and began to urbanize. One important impact to us is that the industrial revolution greatly improved the labor efficiency, which we realized that mechanization is an important way to improve labor productivity and reduce manual labor. 2. Railroads A revolution in transportation in the eighteenth century is railroads, a kind of land transportation way. Railroads dominates the long distance transportation, which can transport passengers and goods at a faster speed and lower cost. Humans can rely on steamboats and railroads across oceans and continents, to compatriots around the world and telegraph communication. According to the textbook, to many economic historians, railroads were the “most important factor in promoting European economic progress in the 1830s and 1840s” (p.608). Presently, railroads are still the world's most …show more content…
The emergence of the steam engine changed the ship power. The boat’s driving force from human to mechanical force, the great power from a steam engine, so that human may build more large ships, carrying more cargo. The world's first steam engine ship was made by American inventor Fulton. The steamboat was an important means of transportation for American products and markets (p.616 illustration “the steamboat”). Although steamboat has become obsolete because of the large size, small power and low efficiency, it still solve the problem of trading between the world’s ocean at that time, and also had an important influence on the development of Science