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Argument Against Influenza Virus

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THE VACCINE AGAINST INFLUENZA VIRUS The vaccination for the influenza virus came to be in 1936 after several years of work by Wilson Smith, Christopher Andrews and Patrick Laidrow (Panse, 2009). They used ferrets to demonstrate how interaction with the influenza virus helped build immunity to future interactions with the virus (Plotkin and Plotkin, 2011). The “flu shot” as it is commonly referred to helps individuals build immunity from the influenza virus that is most prevalent during the fall and winter months each year. The flu vaccine has several commercial names and doses each “season”. During 2015-2016 flu season the names of the influenza vaccines were: Fluzone, Fluarix, FluLaval, Fluvirin, Afluria, Flucelvax, FluBlok, Fluzone Intradermal, Fluzone High Dose, and FluMist (Gibberd, 2015). The vaccine is given intramuscularly in the deltoid muscle typically however there are two flu vaccines …show more content…

All of the intramuscular flu shots are created using inactivated virions from the influenza virus strains circulating at the time of production. This means that the virus has been completely inactivated and it can no longer reproduce and spread, once injected as the vaccine. These vaccines work by being injected into the muscle and entering the body’s circulatory system. The body is then able to determine them to be foreign and sends the immune response system to attack these unknown antigens. Recognition of the antigens are obtained by the memory B cells Since the virus is inactivated it is very easy for the body’s immune response to overcome the antigens because they can’t reproduce or spread in the body. Most all of the inactivated types of flu vaccines are manufactured in embryonated chicken eggs. However there are two inactivated vaccines that aren’t produced in eggs and those are Flucelvax and FluBlok. Flucelvax is manufactured in cultured mammalian cells and FluBlok is manufactured by using DNA recombinant technology that produced

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The vaccines are then injected into the body, where the immune system will see the virus and kill it. Since this virus was already in the body once, the antibodies will remember it and attack it, preventing you from getting sick. A lot of other well-known vaccinations were discussed in this book, however, not all of them came from the WI-38 cell line. Dr. Hayflick also discovered the MRC-5 cell line which was developed from fetal lung tissue. The vaccine for Hepatitis A was developed by the MRC-5 cell line where the incubated virus is purified and then weakened just like the WI-38 cell

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From a young age, Steinbeck had encountered many hardships. Based off a few of his hardships, he created his novel East of Eden. It is told through the eyes of Olivia Hamilton’s son, who is as everyone comes to realize, John Steinbeck himself. Through Steinbeck’s experiences, the reader learns about two generations who deal with evil goodness within their families.

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Because HCWs is to maintain a free, it supports this method are valid reasons to deny their right to vaccination. Summary of influenza vaccine is a strong agreement between the controls of the effective measure to reduce the spread of influenza caused disease research experts. It is a measure few severe side effects. Experts acknowledge that there may be effective in increasing vaccination rates to be identified barriers to vaccination and immunization programs of the agency resolved. 1981 years later, CDC colleagues managed to reduce the transmission of the virus to vulnerable people for part of the effort to get a flu vaccination that is recommended for and.

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During the 1918 flu pandemic, didn’t have a vaccine nor an efficient way of dealing with this virus, however nowadays we have a number of vaccines specialized in preventing the flu! Some are known as the Pandemrix

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Influenza season is here again so it is time for everybody to add getting a flu shot to their “to-do” list. It is recommended for everyone to get flu shot from ages 6 months and older (McCarthy 1). It is the obligation of healthcare works and their employers to promote influenza vaccinations to patients and is an annual requirement for the workers as well (Lynkowski 1). Winter season is time for healthcare workers to get in line, roll up their sleeves and consent to treatment for a flu shot. For the hospital, their goal is to get all employees vaccinated, especially those who have direct contact with patients which brings up a number of ethical issues arising from the attempts to implement mandatory flu shots (Dubov 2530).

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“There is no theoretical risk that an inactivated vaccine is able to harm the mother or the fetus, so if the vaccines inadvertently given to a pregnant woman, it is not a reason to terminate the pregnancy” (Loehr, 2009, p.213). If this does not apply to the patient the intervention can begin. The health care provider first begins by making a diagnosis. “ A doctor or other specially trained health care professional is always the best person to make the diagnosis” (Nardo, 2007, p.61). The second step is the decision to treat.

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• Flu vaccination also may make your illness milder if you do get sick. • Flu vaccination can reduce the risk of more serious flu outcomes, like hospitalizations. o A recent study showed that flu vaccine reduced children’s risk of flu-related pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission by 74% during flu seasons from 2010-2012.

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1. Simply Put, the flu shot is an injection (shot) or nasal spray that contains a harmless amount of the virus, so that your body can build up antibodies against that strain of the flu. 2. Flu shots are important because they help protect you against Influenza, which is more commonly referred to as the flu.

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Following that, the doctor needs to inform the parent on what the vaccine will do to help the child. Convincing the parent what the pros on the vaccine are will raise the chances of agreeing to the injected vaccine. Some children are afraid of shots, so there is alternatives to this matter. The vaccine can be injected by nasal spray, liquid medicine, a swallow tablet, or in the more popular way, a shot. The CDC can send of PSA’s to inform the general public of the matter of

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It allows your body to learn what they should fight against. However, the vaccine effects will not make you sick, since it’s not an alive germ. As the disease enters the body, it alarms the your defense system and starts to create antibodies to kill the germ. The vaccine strengthens your immune system, so a disease will never infect you even if you come in contact with someone who has one. Having a strong immune system is a crucial part to ensure your children are

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Thimerosal is an ingredient in influenza shots and is rumored to cause brain damage. This rumor was made popular by internet forums but the truth is, there is no evidence this chemical causes illness in humans and babies who are strictly breastfed come into contact with much greater amounts of thimerosal than are in vaccinations. Some chemicals used can be dangerous in large amounts, but are not harmful in the small amounts present in vaccinations (Bronfin

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There are some strains of influenza that escape the vaccination every year. Viruses are highly susceptible to mutations during replication, so these strains likely experience a mutation in either the hemagglutinin or neuraminidase at some point. This mutation alters the shape of these glycoproteins, causing the antibodies in the victim’s immune system to not be able to bind to the virus. This is usually where the seasonal flu virus comes from each year. New strains of influenza mutate all the time, causing all organisms vulnerable to become sick and start the process of developing new antibodies all over again.

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Vaccines are like traffic lights; they ensure the safety of the public, be in heavily crowded areas, like schools, or densely trafficked roads. Traffic lights only work when all people follow the rules. If a car runs a red light, the car runs the risk of killing innocent pedestrians who are complying with the prescribed rules. Vaccines, if not utilized by most people, are ineffective. Even though some parents are concerned over the safety of vaccines, children who go to public schools should not be granted exemptions because vaccines are necessary to prevent outbreaks, children who do not receive vaccines are at risk of disease, and medically compromised children rely on vaccines to prevent disease.

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INTRODUCTION Influenza viruses constitute the genus Orthomyxovirus belong to the family Orthomyxoviridae, which consists of three species: A, B, and C. They are negative, single stranded RNA viruses. These viruses cause influenza also known as flu. Influenza is contagious acute respiratory disease that is marked by fever, chills, headache and feeling tired.

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Child Vaccinations Throughout the years there has been an increase in the debate on child vaccinations. People have been debating on whether vaccinations for children at young ages is generally safe. There are numerous organizations throughout the United States that deal with child vaccinations. Some people comprehend that child vaccinations damage a child’s body more than they help it, others think different.

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