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Athens Vs Sparta Research Paper

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Introduction In ancient Greece, Athens and Sparta developed distinct systems for public participation and decision-making, reflecting their unique societal values and structures. The development of Athenian democracy began in the 6th century BCE. Key reforms were initiated by leaders such as Solon and Cleisthenes (Russells, nd). Solon enacted economic, political, and legal reforms to reduce the power of the aristocracy and provide greater rights to the common people. His efforts included the cancellation of debts and redistribution of political power based on wealth rather than birth. Cleisthenes Known as the "father of Athenian democracy," Cleisthenes reorganized the political structure to break the power of noble families. He established ten tribes, each comprising members from different regions, fostering a sense of unity and equal representation (Russells, nd). While Athens developed a system of direct democracy with broad citizen participation in public life was primarily reserved for male citizens (Russells, nd). Sparta maintained a mixed system of oligarchy …show more content…

In contrast, Spartan offices were filled through a combination of hereditary positions and elections, emphasizing stability, experience, and military efficiency (Russells, nd). Similarities in Governmental Structures 1. Assembly: Both Athens and Sparta had an assembly of citizens. Athens (Ekklesia): Comprised of all male citizens over 18. Sparta (Apella): Includes male citizens over 30. 2. What is the difference between a'smart' and a'smart'? Council: Both city-states have a council that plays a crucial role in governance. Athens (Boule): A Council of 500 members chosen by lot. Sparta (Gerousia): A Council of Elders consisting of 28 members over 60 years old and the two kings. Differences in Governmental

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Athens vs. Sparta DBQ Athens and Sparta were two of the world's greatest ancient civilizations. Though they were both city-states in Greece they had their differences. Some of the largest contrasts were education, government, and the roles girls and women played in their societies. In Sparta the schools for children were very harsh and military based.

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Athens used a form of government called a Democracy, ruled by the people. Since the people of Athens may have different opinions, leading to arguments fights and making family go against family in their own homeland. Yet, Sparta was ruled by few people so the Spartans could avoid all the tension. Therefore, oligarchy was the best form of government for the Spartans. Furthermore, Sparta was focused on their military.

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Even to this day, we still use Athens and Sparta’s societal systems and structures because they were so revolutionary. Athens even introduced the idea of democracy, and Sparta had a strong military culture. Although Athens and Sparta were close together, Athens focused on leadership and education while Sparta focused on the military and war. However, due to their different governments and cultures, each has their strengths and weaknesses. However, because Athens focuses on its future leaders, Athens is the better model for a society.

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Athens vs. Sparta Whether it's government, education, art, or military, Athens and Sparta have always had many similarities as well as differences in ancient Greece. Sparta and Athens did not share the same view and opinions. As a result of these disagreements, the two ancient Greek city-states were rivals. They both had very different methods of teaching, military training, women's rights, and more. Spartans focused most on the training of war, and Athens focused most on knowledge and intelligence.

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Athens and Sparta shared many common values and views but also had their differences. They were both city-states which is a city and its surrounding villages functioning as an independent political unit. Athens and Sparta were city-States over empires because of all of the mountains in Greece that separated the land and they acted as a modern day state would. For example, one city-state would have different views and government than a city-state on the other side of a mountain. Athens and Sparta had similar values and views on how to treat people, but had differed views on education and government.

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Athens was known for its democratic system, allowing its citizens to participate directly in the political process. The Athenian democracy was characterized by institutions such as the Ecclesia (Assembly), where citizens voted on laws and policies, and the Boule (Council), which set the agenda for the Ecclesia (Kelepouri, n.d.). In contrast, Sparta had an oligarchic system with power concentrated among a few. The Spartan government included two hereditary kings, a Gerousia (Council of Elders), and the Ephors, who were elected officials with significant power. The Spartan Assembly had less influence than its Athenian counterpart and was primarily involved in electing the Gerousia and Ephors (Kelepouri, n.d.).

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They deprived of the most important possessions and the best agricultural land in the Attic peninsula by power (Brand, n.d.). The poorer and the middle-class citizens agitated for political and economic rights (Brand, n.d.). The aristocrats chose Solon to reform the system in Athens but it fails (Brand, n.d.). Cleisthenes was chosen next and he broke up the factions and created ten tribes (Brand, n.d.). It broke up the powerful influence aristocrats had over the system (Brand, n.d.).

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In addition to the kings and ephors, Sparta had a council of elders called the Gerousia, consisting of 28 men over the age of 60, who were elected for life (Cartledge, 2002). Similarities and Differences in Governmental Structures Both Athens and Sparta exhibited certain similarities in their governmental structures, such as the presence of an assembly responsible for decision-making. Additionally, both city-states had a council that played a significant role in governance, with the Athenian Council (Boule) and the Spartan

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Introduction Athens and Sparta, two prominent city-states in ancient Greece, had unique systems of government. Despite both being part of Greek civilization, their ways of involving people in public life and selecting leaders were quite different. In the following paragraph, I am going to examine these differences, and gain insights into the varied political landscapes of ancient Greece and the distinct values that underpinned Athenian democracy and Spartan oligarchy. Right to Participate In Athens, the right to participate in public life was given to free male citizens.

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Their strategies and results, nevertheless, were different. Athens adopted direct democracy, allowing more people to participate in decision-making through the Assembly, whereas Sparta operated as an oligarchy, with power concentrated in the hands of a small number of people. Similarities include the existence of governing bodies in both city-states that were in charge of making decisions. The Council of 500 in Athens was in charge of drafting and enforcing laws, while the Gerousia in Sparta served as an advisory body to the kings. Both Athens and Sparta also had assemblies and courts as institutions for upholding the law and order (Brand,

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Today, many of the world’s government structures were based on the principle of one of Greece’s city-states. Greece became a country advancing well before its time, strong in both military and brain power. This country was able to produce two city-states that became foundations to advancing the rest of the world. The first city-state, Athens, is thought to be the first to implement a democratic government while Sparta became known for their military power. While Athens and Sparta provide the world with advancements they differ in the ways of government structures, social motivations, and cultural differences.

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During the archaic period (between 800-500 BCE) a man named Solon reformed the political system of Athens and gave birth to democracy. Then Cleisthenes reformed the democratic system of Athens. His system was called “Isonomia” or “Equality before the law”, later it became ‘demokratia’ or ‘rule of the people’. Athens was led by direct democracy. Modern day government system in many countries are influenced from ancient Athenian democracy.

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Athens, on the other hand, created a democracy (from demos, "people," and kràtos, "power") based on the significant extension of adult male citizens and the participation of all social classes in political life (women, children, and enslaved people excluded). Sparta's government was the model of an aristocracy, which meant they were constantly war-ready with a rigorous oligarchic constitution. The governance of Sparta was organized to have two kings, an Assembly, the Council of Elders, and magistrates to handle the judicial affairs. The Kings came from 2 royal families.

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As various studies suggested, ancient Athens pursued permissiveness and democracy, which its form of government was the antecedent of nowadays 'rule by the people '. After toppling the dictator Hippias in 510 BC, Athenian demos not only took power, but also introduced electoral system that "with no single ruler. A public assembly of male citizens met 40 times a year to vote on state decisions. The agenda was set and decrees carried out by a 500 strong council, chosen by lot to serve one year each"(Finley, 1983). In my view, the authority was no longer centralized in the hands of one administrator, more ordinary people got a say in running the

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