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Attachment Styles: The Four Forms Of Parenting

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Human beings have a natural tendency to seek comfort. One of the ways to seek is through attachment. Attachment is seen in many forms, whether these are viewed good or bad. Some forms are between child and parent, teacher and child, between spouses, or even with material items which is usually carried out with special meaning to us (Myers & DeWall, 2016). Attachment usually occurs as soon as an infant is born, this attachment is a form of bonding that the child most always makes with the mother, sometimes the father or material. There are four attachment styles include Secure, Preoccupied, Dismissing, and Fearful. Attachment does not stay just in infancy, it continues through childhood, adolescence years, and adulthood. However, it does take …show more content…

Parenting styles usually do not go into full effect until the child can understand and react. According to Hibbard and Walton (2014), parenting styles are extended to two factors as to what parenting styles will teach their children. The two factors include: Demandingness, which is the standards or demands that are set by the parents. Responsiveness pertains to how the parents react and communicate with their children (Hibbard & Walton, 2014, pg. 270). There are four known parenting styles: Authoritarian are parents who are coercive. These are the type of parents who are military like. They enforce the rules and expect the child to obey. Permissive are parents who are unrestraining. These parents are the type to set no rules and let their children make their own decisions. Authoritative parents tend to be confrontive. These parents are the type to have control obey their kids to a certain extent. They will let their kids make their own decisions and will step up if needed. These parents are also open to discussions. Lastly, Rejecting- Neglectful parenting are those who do not meet their children’s needs. These parents do not enforce any rules on their …show more content…

One of those factors include decision making. According to Deniz, decision making is depicted as “the entire sophisticated stages in which individuals determine alternative actions, evaluate them and choose one of these alternatives to apply” (Deniz, 2011, pg. 106). There are two types of decision making that can be seen in everyday life. There are the minor decisions that can be made at that exact moment and require little to no brain power. Some of these minor decisions include: what to wear in the morning, or what to eat. Then there are the major decisions that need a few days to be thought about and for some individuals can induce stress. These decisions can be as substantial as knowing what major to go into or even what college you would want to

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& Rider, E., 2018). The parenting types consisted of authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and neglectful. Regarding the future success of the children, “...Baumrind found that children raised by authoritative parents were the best adjusted: They were... socially responsible, self-reliant, [and] achievement-oriented...” (Sigelman, C. & Rider, E., 2018).

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Throughout the movie, Parenthood, the three main parenting styles were displayed throughout as, the dictator, permissive, and democratic. The dictator form of parenting, also known as the authoritarian parent sets strict rules and guidelines and will not changing them or give any leeway. Children that have authoritarian parents usually have low self-esteem and trouble to do things on their own when they get older. Then there is the permissive parent, who rather than setting rules and guidelines, opts out of this, their discipline is not seen and if they do set rules, they don 't punish when the rules are broken. There is also a balance of good parenting seen in the democratic form.

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His idea of the theory was that when infants became attached to adults whom are responsive and sensitive during the social interactions and form a maintained caregiving relationship during the 6 months to 3 years of life (McLeod). Without the development of attachment, children could suffer from serious impairments both psychological and social. This process establishes various forms of attachment, which in the future will guide the thoughts, feelings, and expectations in children as adults in their future relationships. In this paper, there will be explanations, examples, and other psychologist discussing their attachment theories. There are four different style of attachment in adults; Secure, Dismissive, Preoccupied, and Fearful-Avoidant.

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Permissive parents are much more affectionate than authoritarian parents but they do not have control over their children. An example of permissive parenting in the media is Regina George's mother in Mean Girls, insisting she is not a regular mom, she is a cool mom, doesn't dress her age and attempts to befriend all the teenagers that visit. While children may get along with the permissive parent better, they do not receive the discipline that they

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The term attachment is used widely when focusing on children’s early relationships. An attachment can be thought of as a unique emotional tie or bond between a child and another person which usually is an adult. Research shows that the quality of these bonds or attachments will shape a child’s ability to form other relationships later on in life. In the 1950’s a theorist John Bowlby identified that children and young people’s mental health and behaviour could be linked to separation from a child’s primary carer. He also identified that young children can show separation anxiety if their primary carer is not there for them.

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Attachment Analysis There are four main attachment theories according psychologists Ainsworth and Bowlby. These attachments are secure, insecure-resistant, insecure-avoidant, and disorganized-disoriented. In the prompt, there are two toddlers (Sam and Maria) that experience varying attachment qualities. These toddlers are put into the Strange Situation in which the researchers will observe how they act before, during and after the primary caregiver’s absence.

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Permissive parenting style is when parents tend to be lenient and may only step in when there is a serious problem. There may be few consequences for misbehavior because parents have an attitude of "kids will be kids. " Permissive parenting is potentially a harmful style of parenting simply because permissive parents take on more of a friend role than a parent role. Few rules are set for the children of permissive parents, and the rules are inconsistent when they do exist. This lack of structure causes children to grow up with little self-discipline and self-control.

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Through repeated interactions with their caregiver, infants develop an internal working model of attachment, which influences their expectations of relationships with others. The quality of attachment is

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I want to explain mainly what the parenting style are. According to Baumrind and her colleagues, there are three parenting styles. These are authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive parenting styles. Baumrind focused on communication and interaction between parents and child. Authoritarian parenting style; parents who have an authoritarian parenting style set strict rules for their children and rules are important for these parents.

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In the normal development of every individual, the need to form secure attachments with their parents is present. Developmental theorists have even categorized attachment as a basic need of every human being, (Shaffer & Kipp, 2010). Secure attachments take place when the physical and emotional needs of the child are constantly provided, particularly during the first two years of life. Healthy attachments will make children internalize their parents as figures of trust; this in turn will make them perceive their parents with an image of security, stability, and dependence. Healthy parent-child attachment is necessary to allow the child to develop interdependence and learn to engage in reciprocally pleasurable interactions.

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Separation protest is unique to attachment relationships. In that only where an attachment is present will the separation protest behaviors ensue (Bowlby, 1973, 1980, 1982).Attachment theory is grounded in evolutionary psychology,

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Ainsworth (1970) established three attachment patterns based on the observational study: secure (type B), insecure-avoidant (type A), and insecure-ambivalent or resistant (type C). The baby's secure attachment was demonstrated when he was distressed when his mother left and joyful when she returned. The baby's ambivalent attachment was displayed when she was disturbed when the mother left and resistant when she

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Overview of Attachment Theory Attachment theory tries to describe the evolution of personality and behaviour in relationships and it gives a reason for the difference in a person’s emotional and relationship attitudes. In the beginning, it looked at the mechanics of relationships between children and their parents but it has since been expanded to cover the entire life of the human being (Howe, 2000). Attachment theory includes insights learned from evolutionary theory, ethology, systems theory and developmental psychology (Howe, 2001).

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The attachment theory, developed by John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth is an essential key that explains many child-parent relationships and the influence it has on development. Attachment is a process that begins during infancy in an individual’s life and can have long lasting effects. Bowlby’s theory concluded that the bonds formed between a caregiver and a child during the early years were the blueprints for future relationships. Ainsworth’s “strange situation” experiments and numerous studies tested Bowlby’s original theory and expanded on it. This paper will provide an overview on the research that has been conducted on the effects of attachment patterns on an individual’s early and later development.

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Like permissive parents, authoritative parents are responsive, nurturing, and involved. But unlike permissive parents, authoritative parents don’t let their children get away with bad behaviour. Authoritative parents take a firm stand, anticipating that their kids should carry on dependably. Like tyrant guardians, legitimate guardians uphold rules. As a psychologist, I feel that authoritative parenting style helps in developing their social behaviour while authoritarian degrades it.

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