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Cardiovascular Agents Dentistry

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Cardiovascular agents and Dentistry It is inevitable that a dentist will encounter patients that have systemic problems. One of which will be cardiovascular complications . It is therefore important that a dentist understand these disease and know how to manage individual’s as related to the care that a dentist plans to render in relationship to the therapy protocol that their physicians have mandated. During routine procedures the use of lidocaine is indicated. It is important to know when this analgesic can lead to systemic problems . It is understood that the degree of adverse effects in the CNS and cardiovascular system are directly related to the blood levels of lidocaine. Myocardial effects include …show more content…

This is followed by depression of CNS resulting in somnolence, unconsciousness and possible respiratory arrest. In some cases, symptoms of CNS stimulation may be absent and the primary CNS effects are somnolence and unconsciousness. IN relation to the G.I nausea and vomiting may occur Hypersensitivity reactions are rare, but may be manifest as dermatologic reactions and edema at injection site. Asthmatic syndromes have occurred. Patients may exhibit hypersensitivity to bisulfites contained in local anesthetic solution to prevent oxidation of epinephrine. In general, patients reacting to bisulfites have a history of asthma and their airways are hyper-reactive to asthmatic …show more content…

1 in 20 visits to prescribers is related to prescriptions for NSAIDs. About one in three adults are hypertensive. With these stats in mine there is no surprise that questions come up about whether it’s okay for individuals with hypertension to take NSAIDs. Warning lables for NSAIDs say these drugs can lead to onset of new hypertension or worsening of pre-existing hypertension that could ultimately lead to an increase in the risk of cardiovascular events. NSAIDs are known to increase the risk for cardiovascular events in general and also the risk for gastrointestinal bleeding to various degress . The mechanism by which NSAIDs increase blood pressure involves sodium retention and vasoconstriction. NSAIDs, including COX-2 inhibitors, can increase mean arterial pressure by around 1 mmHg in normotensive people and around 5 to 6 mmHg in individuals being treated for hypertension; however, the range is wide. The increase might be drastic in some individuals, and negligible in others. Increases in blood pressure are more likely in obese men, the elderly, and in individuals with a history of diabetes, heart failure, kidney disease, or liver disease. Daily use of NSAIDs can affect blood pressure after just a week or so. Furthermore, data suggest that the effect of NSAIDs on blood pressure is dose dependent. According to product labeling, topical NSAIDs can also increase blood pressure. NSAIDs can reduce the efficacy

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This is most likely due to her being prescribed and taking many medications, with most of the side effects of those medicines being dizziness, drowsiness, and orthostatic hypertension. Polypharmacy is an issue, especially for the elderly. Therefore it is critical for the nurses to be attentive with Ms. Sallie Mae Fisher’s prescription dosages and her actions after taking her prescribed drugs.

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INTRODUCTION: Although perioperative hypotension is a common problem, its true incidence is largely unknown.[1] There is evidence that postoperative outcome, including the incidence of myocardial adverse events, may be linked to the prolonged episodes of perioperative hypotension. Despite this, there are very few comprehensive resources available in the literature regarding diagnosis and management of these not so uncommon clinical occurrences, especially during non-cardiac surgery.[1] Perioperative cardiac ischemia is associated with significant morbidity and mortality; more than half of postoperative deaths are due to cardiac complications, the majority of which are ischemic.[1] It is an emergency anesthetic crisis which poses a unique management challenge for the anesthetist.

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(Steiner TJ, et al, 2003). However, complications with aspirin or NSAIDs including gastric irritation and frequent ulceration may result (Loder and Rizzoli, 2008). The most obvious role of pharmacist is giving advices to patients about what medications are suitable for them. For an over-the-counter treatment, especially for headache, the advisory role of pharmacist is highly highlighted.

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Prybys KM, Melville KA, Hanna JR, Gee A, Chyka PA. Polypharmacy in the elderly: Clinical challenges in Emergency Practice. Part 1: Overview, etiology and drug interactions. Emergency Medicine Reports.2002; 23(11):145-153 21. Ruscin MJ, Linnebur A. Drug –related problems in the elderly.

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Detection of a spike in PI is a sign to the physician of the successful onset of anaesthesia. Conversely, no increase in PI in a patient given anaesthesia may be an early warning of anaesthetic failure. Most anaesthetics produce a vasodilatative effect by way of increasing the vasodilatation threshold and decreasing the vasoconstriction threshold. Anesthesia can also cause temperature redistribution, which further increases peripheral perfusion. PI value has been considered a useful tool for accurately monitoring changes in peripheral perfusion in real time caused by certain anesthetics.

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