BS (Hons.) Chemistry
Semester-IV
Topic: Extent Of Waterlogging And Salinity In Pakistan
Submitted By Serwat Naz [3012]
Submitted To “Sir Iqbal Bashir ’’
Lecturer Botany UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION, LAHORE OKARA-CAMPUS

EXTENT OF WATERLOGGING AND SALINITY IN PAKISTAN:
Waterlogging:
Waterlogging are the problem mainly caused by seepage of water due to problems in the canal system of Pakistan. There is no scientific methods for irrigation purposes and rough surface runoff and gravitational drainage. ‘’The soils whose upper layers are saturated with water are known as waterlogged soils and this phenomenon is termed as waterlogging
Reasons of waterlogging: There are several reason of waterlogging in Pakistan . Some of these are
1) Seepage of Water From canal system: The major source of waterlogging in Pakistan is seepage of water from poor network of canal system. A huge part of water diverted from rivers does not reach the fields . Estimated that 45 – 50 % of the water is lost from canals , branches , of these canals , distributaries and farmar branches . In past these leakage raised the ground water table and cause waterlogging .
2) Poor surface runoff and slow drainage: The plains of Pakistan is flat , therefor the surface runoff is slow . This