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Chinese Revolution Causes

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There have been countless revolutions, but in this research paper we will only be dealing with the causes of the French, Russian and Chinese Revolutions and the similarities between their causes. Before starting, it is pertinent to define what a revolution is and what causes revolutions.
The word revolution has different meanings depending on the context it is used in. It can have any one or all three meanings at the same time:
• the overthrow or repudiation of a regime or political system by the governed
• (in Marxist theory) the violent and historically necessary transition from one system of production in a society to the next, as from feudalism to capitalism
• A far-reaching and drastic change, esp. in ideas, methods, etc.
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In 1911, the bourgeois democratic revolution (the Xinhai Revolution) led by Sun Yat-sen abolished the feudal monarchy, and established the Republic of China, therefore starting the modern history of China. When Sun Yat-sen died Chiang Kai-shek took his place and built up the nationalist army. With his army he reclaimed Chinese land from other countries. Then the Nationalist Party split forming a Communist party who believed that the peasants should have a say in the government. Chiang Kai-shek disagreed with this and sided with the wealthy farmers. He then forced all the communists into a small area in southern China. The exiled Communists led by Mao Zedong started an exodus to Yan’an in North-western China. This 6,000-mile trek is known as the Long March, and only 8,000 of the 100,000 communists survived. Mao’s policies regarding land appealed to the peasants which made up a large percentage of the population. In 1949 with the support of the peasants, the Communists drove Chiang Kai-shek and his followers to Taiwan and the Chinese Communist Party established the People's Republic of China. Around 1966 Mao decided that not enough people were supporting his government, so he decided that the country needed a Cultural Revolution. He got college students and young people involved in destroying the past. They tore down architecture that was representative of the past. The destroyed art and books from the days of the emperors. Mao also put together the Red Guard which questioned people about the allegiance to the communists and even jailed or executed individuals who they thought were not good communists. However in 1968 Mao put a stop to the Cultural Revolution feeling it had gone too

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At first in August of 1945, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the Nationalists made a treaty to have the dispute be peaceful, but in 1946, they were both fighting over China once again. The CCP had captured Beijing with the help of the leader Mao Zedong who declared the formation of the People’s Republic of China (PRC). Nationalist Jiang Jieshi was then obligated to migrate to Taiwan where he formed his alternative government the Republic of China (ROC). The CCP claimed to be the party of the workers and the peasants meaning they supported their rights and wanted more equality for them. The Nationalist party claimed nationalism, democracy, and people’s livelihood.

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Any outspoken person of Mao was attacked. The Cultural revolution worked. After Mao Zedong’s death and Hua Guofeng, essentially a Mao fanboy, failed as his successor, Deng Xiaoping took over control of China and basically saved the country. Deng Xiaoping started to undo some of Mao’s policies and began to open up the country. Xiaoping wanted to shift away from Maoism and began to institute 4 modernization to help China grow.

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To a fairly large extent the movie Mao's Last Dancer was an accurate and thoughtful depiction of the propaganda, chaos and turmoil of the Cultural Revolution in China. However, terrible acts of violence and torture that characterized the Cultural Revolution were not as prominent in the film. However; the film still remains a fairly accurate depiction of the time period 1966-1976 as it accurately portrays the propaganda, education, and arts revolution of the Cultural Revolution. The Cultural Revolution was mainly aimed at the youth of China who Chairman Mao feared would "make peace with imperialism" and abandon the ideals of the Communist revolution (Source C).

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Mao Zedong was born on December 26, 1893, in a peasant family in Shaoshan, central China. He was a Chinese communist Party leader from 1935 until his death in 1976, and he was a chairman of the People 's Republic of China, which he governed from its establishment in 1949 to 1959. Mao Zedong occupied a critical place in the story of the country’s resurgence. His motivations were to make China classless country and to promote the Cultural Revolution, he also wanted to make China great, modernized and strong country. Mao Zedong was a great leader because he changed China in a much better country by transforming it into a modern nation, strengthening the economy, and achieved gender equality.

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He launched the Cultural Revolution in order to maintain that system. First he would use indoctrination to get kids to know he is like the “god” and they need to show loyalty and follow his rules. A group called red guards pledged their devotion to Chairman Mao and the revolution. They were mostly students and teenagers who were part of this group. They wanted to smash the old, non-maoist way of life, by destroying buildings, beat and even kill alleged enemies.

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