Cleopatra In Ancient Egypt

Cleopatra VII ruled Ancient Egypt from ………………to ………………. / for 3 decades from ………………………to ………………………………. She was the last of the Macedonian rulers founded by Ptolemy during Alexander the Great’s conquest of Egypt in 332 B.C.

She was clever and well-educated and could speak several languages. She had romantic as well as military alliances with the Roman leaders Julius Caesar and Mark Antony.

Cleopatra VII is believed to have been born in 70 or 69 B.C., the daughter of Auletes (Ptolemy XII) and Cleopatra V Trypheana. After the death of her father in 51 B.C., the throne of Egypt was passed on the Cleopatra, age 18, and her 10 year old brother, Ptolemy XIII. His advisors stood against Cleopatra, forcing her to flee to Syria in 46 B.C. She returned

Caesar restored Cleopatra to the throne along with her younger brother Ptolemy XIV (13 years old). He stayed in Egypt with her and around 47 B.C. she gave birth to a son, Ptolemy Caesar. It was believed he was the son of Caesar and was known as Caesarion (Little Caesar) to the Egyptian people. Cleopatra and her son visited Caesar in Rome and after his murder in 44 B.C. she returned to Egypt and Caesarion become co-regent with his mother after the death of her brother. Cleopatra identified herself with Isis, the sister-wife of Osiris and the mother of

When she arrived in Tarsus, she was clothed in he robes of Isis. Antony as seduced by her charms and agreed to protect Egypt and her crown. Cleopatra returned to Egypt and was followed by Antony, who left behind his wife and children. He spent the winter of 41-40 B.C in Egypt and formed the drinking circle “The Inimitable Livers”. After Antony’s return to Rome, Cleopatra gave birth to twins, Alexander Helios and Cleopatra Selene.

Egypt grew more prosperous under Cleopatra’s rule and in 37 B.C. Antony met with Cleopatra to obtain funds for his military campaign against the Kingdom of Parthia and in return, returned Cyprus, Crete, Cyrenaica, Jericho, large parts of Syria and Lebanon to Egypt. He and Cleopatra became lovers once again and she gave birth to a son, Ptolemy Philadelphos , in 36 B.C.

After the defeat of Antony in Parthia, he rejected Octavia, his wife and Octavian’s half sister, and returned to Cleopatra and Egypt. In 34 B.C, during a pubic celebration, Mark Antony declared Caesarion Caesar’s rightful heir and gave land to each of his children with Cleopatra. Octavian was furious and claimed that Antony was under Cleopatra’s control and would abandon Rome. The Roman Senate stripped Antony of all his titles in 32 B. C. and Octavian declared war on