Strontium Hydrate Lab Report

In this project, titanium(IV) ethoxide, Ti(CC2H5)4, Cobalt(II) nitrate, Co(NO3)2.6H2O, Iron(III) nitrate-9-hydrates, Fe(NO3)3.9H2O, and strontium nitrate, Sr(NO3)2 are needed to prepare both non-substituted strontium ferrite and substituted strontium ferrite. In this case, non-substituted strontium ferrite acts as a control in this project to compare with the characteristics of cobalt-titanium substituted strontium ferrite. The main objective of this project is to compare the effect of substitution of cobalt-titanium ions to strontium ferrite using the control, the strontium ferrite without any substitution. In order to create a suitable medium for mixing, ethylene glycol is for formation of gel in this projectIn this project, different stoichiometric

Throughout the mixing process, the clear red solution slowly changes to a denser red solution (Appendix figure 23). A thermometer was used for temperature checking. The beaker was removed from the hot plate when the temperature was found to be higher than 50 ℃. This was done to prevent a sudden gelation happen before all the active dissolved in the ethylene glycol. Moderate heating of the solution for a period of time is allowed to obtain a wet gel (Appendix figure 24). The wet gel may not look fully solid depending on the composition of the active added into the ethylene glycol. When all the active ingredients were dissolved in the ethylene glycol, the solution turned color from a clear red solution to a darker reddish brown color. The wet gel was observed to be slightly reddish brown in color. Before moving on to the formation of gel process, the magnetic bars were removed from all the samples. Continuous heating at high temperature (more than 50℃ but lower than 80℃) was allowed to obtain wet gel for all the samples of Co-Ti substitution from 0.2 to 1.0. After the wet gel was formed, continuous heating of the wet gel yield the product in powder

Magnetic susceptibility and photoluminescence are analyzed after the calcination process using magnetic susceptibility balance (Sherwood Scientific, Appendix Figure 27) and fluorescence spectrometer with excitation wavelengths range from 370 nm to 600 nm, emission wavelength 390, excitation slits set at 5.0 nm and the scan speed of 500 nm/min (PerkinElmer fluorescene spectrometer LS 55, Appendix Figure 28). In the calcination process, the furnace was activated in the morning of the day (around 10a.m) and was off in the evening (at 5p.m). The synthesis of strontium ferrite is using the same pathway by using only strontium nitrate and iron(III) nitrate-9-hydrates. In sol-gel process, this process is a method to establish a sol and allow formation of gel and removal of solvent. The metal or metalloid element is surrounded by different kinds of ligands and they are suspended in the medium called precursors. The organization of the suspended molecules to form bond at random forming a network called gel. In this state, the gel consists a continuous solid skeleton encloses the liquid phase. When the “cluster” extending itself throughout the entire sol, this point is giving a name called “gel