The inability to read has been classified as a “national health risk”. In order to help decrease this risk, several acts and policies have been put into place. Some of these responses are: A Nation at Risk (1983), Goals 2000: Educate America Act (1994), National Assessment of Education Progress (1995), No Child Left Behind (2001), and Institute of Education Sciences (2008). There have been many differing views on whether these reforms have been effective. Though some reforms, such as No Child Left Behind, were frowned upon because of the scandals surrounding them, some have made way for more research-based ways for teaching and learning literacy. Others, like the Institute of Education Sciences, have proved that children participating in Reading …show more content…
As a result, Congress eliminated the funds. The National Governors Association created a policy that urged each state to establish learning standards (skills and knowledge) that students should obtain by the end of each grade, and in 2010 they published what is known as the Common Core State Standards. These standards were created in order to help increase the likelihood that states and schools are coordinated on the academic level. The goal of the Common Core State Standards is to prepare each student to become college and career ready. This has developed the mindset of beginning with the end in mind.Standards were originally developed using a developmental model starting from the youngest learners and moving to the oldest. However, with the CCSS, we begin with the end in mind. So instead of beginning at the youngest learner, they have started with what is expected of a senior. Since these standards are no longer based on what teachers thought students