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Chapter 17 the enlightenment and the american revolution
Enlightenment ideas of french and american revolution
John locke and how he influenced the constitution
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all states were represented equally in the Senate. This made the smaller states happy. In the House of Representatives, representation was based on population. This pleased the bigger states. The Great Compromise settled the method of representation in the legislative branch.
In Philadelphia, a heavily disputed convention took place between May and September of 1787, often referred to as the Constitutional Convention. The Constitutional Convention addressed the conflicts of the fragile U.S government that emerged from the Articles of Confederation. The U.S Constitution that originated from convention established various major compromises that are currently in use today. The Great Compromise and Three-Fifth Compromise validate that the creation of the Constitution was a “bundle of compromises”,these being two of the major compromises.
In continuation, America 's need for a new constitution was imperative. The Articles of confederation was unable to deal with the nation’s troubles. Inevitably, demand grew for a stronger, more effective national government. On May 25, 1787, the constitutional convention opened in philadelphia at the pennsylvania state House. During this convention many compromises were made, the first being the Great compromise, which combined the New Jersey plan and the Virginia plan.
Thomas Jefferson during the 1790’s-1800’s while working with federalists Alexander Hamilton, his viewpoints were different. During the 1790’s Jefferson was known to be in the democratic-republican party where he progresses an ideal structure of equivalencies between money and weight standards with the American/Spanish currency. Jefferson took charge of the republicans after a conflict created two parties, republican-democratic and the federalist, who empathized with the revolutionary cause in France. While attacking the federalist policies, Jefferson opposed a strong centralized government and granted the rights of states. While Jefferson was in presidency, he cut down on the Army and Navy expenditures, cut the U.S. budget, eliminated the tax
The larger states wanted representation in the legislative branch to be based on population, while the smaller states wanted population to be equal for all states. The solution to this disagreement, called the Great Compromise, was to create two branches of congress, the House of Representatives and the Congress, where the House’s representation is based on population, while the Congress is made up of two representatives per state (Valentine 7). This compromise is one of the most democratic because it gives say to the people and does not allow the bigger states to overpower the smaller, and vice versa. Out of all the branches and sub-branches of government, the House of Representatives seems to support democracy the most considering that it is chosen by the people, but the definition of people at this time was property owning white men (Genovese 2). Another compromise that was made by the delegates was about how the branches would interact with each other and what powers each individual branch would possess.
The Great Compromise which was founded at the Constitutional Convention wasn't formed without trouble. Many of the delegates that participated in the convention were wealthy landowners and lawyers, who owned many slaves. They failed to notice the diversity that excited within the nation. As they talked how to repair the Articles of Confederation, issues would arise that would create continuous debates amongst each other. One of the issues that would arise would be the nature of the new government.
When the American Revolution was over the Americans change in three ways Politically, socially and economically effects. The Americans change on how they wanted to rule their society, and women were given more freedom. Some slaves were set free and also had more freedom. Politically, socially, and economically were the reasons why it change the American society.
The American Revolution set the background for the modern nation state as well as molding the modern Army. Both countries have many differences and similarities, ranging from the individuals fighting these wars to tactics and strategies they used to win. These countries shared the same idea of freedom and independence, the difference is they used different methods of accomplishing this goal. It’s difficult to pin point which country chose the best method, but we compare some of the facts and take a deeper look as to what was transpiring in both of these Revolutions. In the 18th Century the main problem the Army had was manpower.
Consequently, a limited government was created in response to these new thoughts. Furthermore, this new type of government was extremely revolutionary because it changed the way that the citizens had thought or viewed about the government. Two Enlightenment philosophers that influenced the creation of the government were John Locke and Montesquieu. John Locke had the belief that everyone had natural rights (life, liberty, property) and that if the government failed to protect these rights, they could be overthrown and replaced. Also, Montesquieu’s idea of the separation of powers helped shape the government.
The American and French Revolution are both remembered in history as two major changes that would shape what we know today. Every child learns of the American Revolution at least once in their lives. Both these revolutions had the similar cause, effects, and stages that resulted or started them. Just like in every warring country, it is inevitable that there will be some change that occurs whether it be for the better or for worse. Although the American and French revolutions were very similar in the actions, there were many differences leading them into ultimately different paths and states of rest.
Enlightened thought presented by Locke outlined the formation for a new government that served the people of the nation, restoring their rights and liberties, rather than just the
Enlightenment was a concept that inspired a new way of thinking of the people. In the newly formed United States of America, enlightenment shaped the way the new government was run. Scientific reasoning was applied to politics, religion, and science. Enlightenment saved music, art, and literature programs in colleges. Enlightenment in Europe led to drastically altered views on philosophy, politics, and communications.
During the Enlightenment new ideas were created that greatly impacted society. The new ideas created during the Enlightenment impacted society so much that many of the ideas were utilized when forming the government of the United States. Three European men Montesquieu, Voltaire, and Rousseau each had their own unique views of what would be best for society. Each philosopher had ideas that would make today 's society more ideal and with hard work are possible to achieve.
In February 1861, a new government was on the horizon in the United States, known as the Confederate States of America. Composed of seven states from the South, this new government looked to separate from a union that they felt was tipping in power towards those who wanted to threaten the rights of the South, especially slavery. Similarly, in early 1775, colonists were preparing for revolution against a power that they felt oppressed their rights and wanted to take away their liberties. However, the Civil War was a not a complete representation of a second American Revolution. The Civil War was more than an unsatisfied party rebelling against a larger power, but a clash between two vastly different ways of life.
The age of enlightenment was a philosophical peak in history that set a course for the rest of time. Many different ideas were brought about that shaped the way we live to this day, especially here in the states. Two philosophers in particular affected the United States of America; Thomas Hobbes and Tom Locke. Both of these philosophers pasts formed their philosophy and the ideas they had, which affected the government of their time, and our government today. Hobbes and Locke had very different upbringings and backgrounds, which led them to having very different points of view on life.
