Summary Paper The Incas, Mayans, and Aztecs had massive empires with amazing achievements, but each of them had their downfall. European exploration drastically changed the lives of these empires. They valued the Earth and the land where as Europeans did not causing them to conclude that they were different which made them think of the native Americans as savages. However European exploration was not the main factor of their downfall; the Incas and Aztecs downfall was from poor leadership, however the Mayan’s downfall came from over farming and civil disorder. Before these societies downfall they made major achievements which should be recognized. The Mayans created a calendar that was 365 days and they created glyphs which was a writing system