The philosophies and practice of healing in the 19th century could be described as both a little elaborate and strange. There is a belief that the potential cause of experimenting with the effects of different plants derived from watching the behavior of animals after consuming them. The plants that caused hallucinations were of particular interest and those individuals who had knowledge about the different plants, would more often than not, become revered members in their communities. They were referred to as, Shamans, and their practice, shamanism. Shamans healed individuals by way of the plants that would put the patients in a trance-like state, which was caused by the hallucinations created by the plant-based medicines (Levinthal, 2012).