The argument of the chapter “God and the World” expands on the “question of God” (246). The question of God’s existence is deemed by the author as a question that matters (246). The author states that the purpose is to discuss questions of God’s existence and discuss arguments that debate it (247). The author begins by defining theology as the “study or science or knowledge of God” (247). According to the text, the most important arguments for the existence of God are the Cosmological, Teleological, Ontological, and Moral arguments (250). All arguments that debate the existence of God, and the creation of the universe are defined and described in detail by the author. The main argument of the text focuses on comparing and contrasting all …show more content…
The main four arguments are then separated; the Cosmological and Teleological arguments are categorized as a posteriori, which refers to the way God’s existence is demonstrated by empirical evidence, and the Ontological and Moral arguments are categorized as a priori, meaning that they do not demonstrate God’s existence by empirical evidence (251). After being defined, theology is divided into two different types: natural theology and revealed theology. It is explained that natural theology includes no supernatural influences over the study of God, and revealed theology is the “knowledge of God through special revelation” (248). In an early section of the chapter, multiple quotes about faith are included. Each quote has a varying opinion on faith. Throughout the text, excerpts from other texts are included; each excerpt contains the idea of philosophers and theologians such as William Paley, John Calvin, and St. Thomas Aquinas. The excerpts raise questions that developed from the initial “question of God.” The author deems the Cosmological Argument as being the most-known attempt to prove that God exists (251). In this text, the Cosmological Argument is described as attempting to demonstrate that the world (252). This argument is then split into two parts, the Thomistic form and the popular form. The Thomistic form of this argument focuses more on the nature of the world, whereas the popular version focuses on its age