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Digital Forensics

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1.1 Overview of Digital Forensics
Digital forensics, sometimes known as digital forensic science is a branch of computer forensic science encompassing the recovery and investigation of material found in digital devices, often in relation to computer cyber crime. Information and Communications Technology (ICT) working environments are experiencing increased computer use for other than work-related reasons. User activities may include but are not limited to browsing the Internet for private purposes and using online search engines for work-related information.
As ICT has grown at the same time advances in social networking, mobile technology, various cloud computing and storage solutions have increased the information flow within organizations. …show more content…

Digital forensics is the process of employing scientific principles and processes to analyze electronically stored information and determine the sequence of events which led to a particular incident. In this digital age, it is important for researchers to become aware of the recent developments in this dynamic field and understand scope for the future. The past decade has witnessed significant technological advancements to aid during a digital investigation. Many methodologies, tools and techniques have found their way into the field designed on forensic principles. Digital forensics has also witnessed many innovative approaches that have been explored to acquire and analyze digital evidence from diverse …show more content…

Some of them focus on different phases or subcomponents of an investigation. However, no integrated approach towards digital forensic investigations has been established yet. The shortcomings of the investigation process are generally exploited in court where both the digital evidence and the digital forensic process are scrutinized by the court and opposing stakeholders. The primary objective of this dissertation is to investigate existing digital forensic models reported on in the known published literature to determine whether these can be integrated into a single digital forensic process model. Evidence produced by implementing this process model in an investigation will ensure that it can withstand legal scrutiny in a court of law. The digital evidence presented is thus the result of a rigorous digital evidence collection process. The dissertation will however be limited to the development of an integrated digital forensic process model and will not include a validation study. A secondary objective is to investigate whether any part of the process model can be automated, without compromising the validity of the process model. The purpose here is to alleviate the time-consuming investigative processes on behalf of the investigators. Such processes are generally aimed at reducing the data to be analyzed during the investigation The key theme of proposed system is to

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i. Manage The term manage is used to mean acquiring the necessary contractual vehicle and resources that include financial resources that are used in running forensic labs and programs. It can also be used to mean to coordinate and build internal and external consensus that can be used to develop and manage an organizational digital forensic program. Management also is to establish a digital forensic team, usually, the one that is composed of investigators, IT professionals and incidents handlers to perform digital and network forensics. Management provides adequate workspaces that at minimum take in to account

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Comparing simple techniques simply to retrieve a piece of evidence is completely different as we learn more about the science and learn from the mistakes made in the past. Looking back at the 1800’s and comparing the technology of the 21st century, the difference is certainly huge. The increase in technology makes information more vast and more ideas can be shared easily. Many sciences are based off many “what ifs” while forensic science is more factual and attempt to solve puzzling occurrences and events and get down to what truly

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Lowry Williams IS 4670 Cybercrime Forensics Unit 5 Assignment 1 Create data recovery plan Data the count may order or give you authorize to seizure a computer so that you may be able to extracted things from the computer’s hard drives. You need to do it in many difference phases you want to insure that the integrity of the computer evidence. You should copies all the files onto a write once only CD- read only memory disks. You may want to “ clone” your computer hard drive, you would do this, because you would not want to mess up the hard drive that was on your computer. This also means that you would be copying everything this will including the operating software.

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“The special properties and technical complexity of digital evidence often makes it even more challenging, as courts find it difficult to understand the true nature and value of that evidence (Boddington, 2015)”. It’s not uncommon for innocents to be convicted and guilty people acquitted because of digital evidence (Boddington, 2015). However, other factors can also affect the validity of the evidence, including: failure of the prosecution or a plaintiff to report exculpatory data; evidence taken out of context and misinterpreted; failure to identify relevant evidence; system and application processing errors; and so forth (Boddington, 2015). “There is a perception, largely undeserved, that digital evidence somehow alters the true nature of the original evidence and is therefore unreliable. Presented properly, digital evidence is capable of being of tremendous assistance to the courts (Hak,

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4.7.5 Data Preservation and Isolation from the Network. The main purpose of a digital forensic report is to keep the data integrity, avoiding any type of data alteration, in order to present valid evidences, for instance in a court. The use of not valid software to check the stored information in a mobile phone can alter these information. The action of receive new data can alter the information stored, for instance an automatic firmware update, or remote device control with the risks involved. Therefore, it is extremelly important have the device completely isolated from the network.

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During the comprehensive forensic examination Assante’s personal laptop was subjected to an eighteen hour intrusive search using specialized equipment to open and read all files on the laptop, scanning the unallocated space on the hard drive for deleted files, then proceeding to

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TO: Audit Files for Koala Corporation FY2005 FROM: Forensic Journal Entry Analysis Team—Ryan Polk CC: Work Paper File CLIENT: Koala Corporation PERIOD: 1/1/2005 – 12/31/2005 Prepared by: Ryan Polk DATE: July 28, 2015 W/P reference: 15.1 Subject: Procedures completed to determine that the manual journal entries are complete The forensics team was asked by John Smith, the partner on the engagement with Koala Corporation, to assist the engagement team in its analysis of the manual journal entries for the fiscal year ending 12/31/2005. In response to the request, we obtained and analyzed the manual and automatic journal entries and advised the engagement team of our observations. The objective of the assignment was to determine whether the manual journal entries were complete during the fiscal year

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N. L. Beebe & J. G. Clark [73] designed a new model which was based on the principles decided at the starting of the investigation .According to this framework the investigation phases can be divided in hierarchical order. Figure 10: A Hierarchical, Objective-Based Framework for the Digital Investigation Process (HODIP) 4.13.2 Phases of HODIP All the phases listed in the framework has already been described in the above mentioned frameworks . 4.14 Computer Forensic Field Triage Process Model (CFFTPM) 4.14.1 Introduction M. K. Rogers, J. Goldman, R. Mislan, T. Wedge & S. Debrota [74] recommends an onsite approach to provide the identification, analysis and interpretation of digital evidence within a short time span without the urge to return the devices or media back to the lab. It also does not require taking the complete

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Validation of Forensic Tools Introduction: Forensic Tools Validation is a part of the design for a used tools which demonstrate the truth of Forensic tools in term evidence reports .In other words, it is based on principle of science of digital forensic technology which are repeatable process and quality evidence. To illustrate, let consider a validating of forensic imaging tool, this tool could be tested to determine whether or not it successfully creates, hashes, and verifies a particular baseline image that has been previously set up. So, validation is really important component of computer forensic procedure in terms of getting trust from the law enforcement community. Overview of forensic tools validation Why forensic tools must be

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Forensic tests can tell investigators a lot about how the people they are interested in are communicating with others and can also lead them on a trail of the movements of victims and perpetrators that they are looking into. The main way of doing this is by using an electronic device inside mobile phones and computers. For the team to do this it would require them to take the computer or mobile phone apart piece by piece and add in an electronic chip. Once activated this chip allows investigators to track the whereabouts of victims and this in turn allows them to keep a watchful eye on the victim and help keep them safe. In computers, the chip would allow investigators to get into certain files which could then lead to the whereabouts of a perpetrator and allow them to

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The former being defined as the evidence collected in order to convict or rule out suspects, and the latter being defined as the way the investigators developed the investigation and how it evolved throughout the ensuing years. In order to evaluate these two different subjects, one needs to examine the similarities and differences between this investigation and theories about how investigation of this type develop, the nuances of this investigation not able to be explained by theory, investigatory elements that

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Writing a report that will be utilized in a court is the most important factor of the investigation agent’s obligation. Individuals who read and translate the report are not experts, so all clarifications, conclusions and articulations (especially while portraying factual frequencies or probability of event) ought to be written in plain, clear and basic language to avoid ambiguity or misunderstanding (Maher, 2004). As a suggestion from UMUC in Module 5 of CSEC650: Cybercrime Investigation and Digital Forensics, my team will prepare a written report to include the following

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CO4507 Digital Forensic Investigation Introduction Nowadays digital devices are everywhere in our life’s helping peoples in many sectors and providing possibilities to them. By pronounce the term “digital devices” the majority of the peoples thinking the computers, smart phones, tablets and the cloud applications. Now the digital devices are important not only in our work environment, or for entertainment and educational reasons, but are important because we can use them as digital evidence. Any kind of technology that processes information can be used in a criminal way vise versa can be used as digital evidence in the court.

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Computer forensics processes must adhere to standards set by the courtroom that often complicates what could have been a simple data analysis. In court, knowing who connected to the system based on logs is not enough. There must be facts that will support those connection

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The following section will consider advantages and limitation of the first two mentioned types of digital forensics: Traditional (dead) and Live computer forensics. TRADITIONAL (DEAD) VS LIVE DIGITAL FORENSICS Traditional (Dead) Forensics In order forensic acquisition to be more reliable it must be performed on computers that have been powered off. This type of forensics is known as ‘traditional’ or 'dead ' forensic acquisition. The whole process of dead acquisition, including search and seizure flowchart and acquisition of digital evidence flowchart is shown on Figure 2 and Figure 3 respectively.

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