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Marcellus Shale Advantages And Disadvantages

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The Marcellus Shale It is the largest source of natural gas in the United States, and is located in Appalachian basin which stretches from Tennessee to New York and covers West Virginia, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. The Marcellus Shale has a lot of marine sedimentary rock because of the different sea level changes 400 million years ago that deposited minerals. It contains black shale and lighter shale mixed with limestone .It has many benefits, but it comes with disadvantage disadvantages. For humans to get access to the natural gas they have to drill deep into the ground and create a well which can go from 5,000 to 9,000 feet deep. They use a method of drilling called …show more content…

This is where they put a steel pipe into the ground at around 10,000 feet and turn it 90 degrees so that it is horizontal. Then they send an explosive missile that erupts along the horizontal part to puncture holes through the pipe. They later put a fluid that contains water, sand and other chemicals through the pipe which later goes through the pores of the pipe into the rock. It breaks the rock down and creates cracks leading to the natural gas leaking out through the pipe. There is an average of 5 - 8 million gallon of water used for one Fracking. Vertical drilling is when the pipe goes straight down leading it to only get the natural gas at the end of the pipe which limits it to one area. Horizontal Drilling is more efficient and costly. When you drill horizontally you can have a pipe going along the layer of natural gas leading the well to have more access to natural gas and make it last longer than one vertically. Depending on how long the horizontal pipe is it can have many pores that take in oil. One needs to know where natural gas is and then know the correct area to turn the pipe horizontally. This area is calling the kickoff

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⦁ The map of the Marcellus Shale. ⦁ To penetrate more fracture the use horizontal drilling. Doing so they are capable of drilling millions of cubic feet of gas. ⦁ Issues in the environment

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Fracking one well can take millions of gallons of water, but it 's not just water. In the water there are chemicals, helping to break down the rock. According to the article, Fracking Fury, “ the fluids consist of millions of gallons of water, chemical additives, and proppants” (2 AT). Chemicals like benzene, toluene, and ethylbenzene are shot down into a well. The author claims that, “Critics are nervous the cocktail of fluids will leak”(2.3).

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According to Climatecentral.org, “fracking for natural gas used to produce electricity may make Texas more drought resistant as the state shifts from coal power generation to natural gas power generation” (Magill). This could be a major breakthrough for Texas because not only would we produce electricity and save our environment, but we would also save millions of gallons of water. The amount of water we could save by shifting from coal to natural gas plants “is up to 50 times the amount of water lost in fracking to extract the natural gas from underground shale formations. According to the article, “The study’s authors estimate that for every gallon of water used to frack for natural gas, Texas saved 33 gallons of water by using that gas for electricity generation rather than producing the same amount of power with coal” (Magill).

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It covers around 240,000 km2 in the United States, including parts of New Your, Maryland, and six other States. (Kargbo et al., 2010; U.S. Department of Energy, 2009) The estimation of gas amounts in Marcellus Shale is uncertain, however, current productivity indicates that the potential recoverable resources from the Marcellus Shale could be promising. (U.S. Department of Energy, 2009; United States Energy Information Administration, 2012) The Marcellus Shale is poorly permeable, which makes gas productive level is low.

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