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During The Enlightenment Dbq

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European politics, philosophy, and science were radically changed during the 17th and 18th centuries during a period called the Enlightenment. Enlightenment thinkers throughout Europe questioned cultural norms and embraced the notion that humanity could be improved through rational change. Science had been mostly a male field of study during this age. It was extremely rare for women to enter this field, but during the Enlightenment, the idea that the minds of women can equal that of men became more popular. Many people believed that women did not have the intelligence to be involved in science, while some others believed that even if women could be held on the same intellectual level as men, it was socially unacceptable; on the other hand, …show more content…

One woman who received recognition for her work in science was Elisabetha Hevelius (Doc 4). It can be seen that they are working on the sextant together. Johannes Hevelius must have had an accepting attitude towards women because he let his wife help him. Another woman who was able to continue her work in science was Maria Sibylla Merian, a German entomologist (Doc 5). She has completely left society to give all her focus to research and she is allowed to do so. Gottfried Kirch, a German astronomer, described the level of intelligence his wife, Maria Winkelmann possessed (Doc 6). He insinuated that women might be more observant than men when she observes something he does not. Another man, Gottfriend Leibniz, a German mathematician and philosopher, described that women who are educated are often more intelligent than men (Doc 7). He says how women are better at making decisions due to how conscious they are. A newspaper article that recognized women’s credibility in science wrote an article on Dorothea Scholzer the first woman to receive a Ph. D. (Doc 13). The article praises Schlozer as being a woman of worlds, science and society. This is extremely important because many people thought women were not able to be both a good woman and scientist. The author is even against educated women, but he concedes to the fact Scholzer is an exceptional women and

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909 Words | 4 Pages

In a community filled with male scientists, Jahren was cast out as unworthy and dense. “[P]asty middle-aged men … regarded me as they would a mangy stray that had slipped in through an open basement window” (Jahren 129). Because of her gender, the other scientists treated her as though she did not and was not a real scientist. Despite being discriminated against, Jahren still continued with her work. She did not let others’ opinions discourage her.

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Amelia Martinez Mrs. Aderholdt 8th Grade Language Arts 18 April 2023 Powerful Women in Science How did Katherine Johnson and the other women who worked with her at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) impact the Space Race? During the time of the Space Race, women were hired within the scientific field as computers. The “computers” were hired to calculate the complex equations that space travel and research entailed.

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624 Words | 3 Pages

Here it is shown that she would much rather participate in the sciences, than fit into the social norm, proving that it is better for a women to participate, even if it means social sacrifice. In document 9, it is stated “ Many of my own sex will think I placed myself above them” by Dorothea Erxleben. She represents the idea that not only are women highly capable of performing complex actives similar to men, but also that it is a belief that soon many other females will share. Being a granted a German M.D., Erxleben is someone who is aggressive and flows against the tide of prevailing opinion, to expand the limits set for her. She questions the gender inequality due to her belief that women are qualified and deserve more.

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610 Words | 3 Pages

“Usually one thinks of a learned woman as neurotic. And should she ever go beyond the study of literature into higher sciences, one knows in advance that her clothing will be neglected and her hair will be done in antiquarian fashion.”(Doc 7). The author of this document is unknown, but it was published by the Göttingen newspaper and it was about the first woman to receive a Phd from a German University. It was written to show the negativity men show towards women if they try to increase their knowledge and force themselves into science. “Never have I made a greater sacrifice to reason”(Doc 6)

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756 Words | 4 Pages

Perhaps the time during the European Scientific Revolution was one of the most progressive times in European history at an intellectual standpoint. Scientists like Newton and Galileo are widely discussed today and names of common knowledge for many. It cannot be argued that they are some of the most popular European scientists known. Science for women was different. Female scientist Margaret Cavendish said it best herself, that she has “lived to see and be in many changes of fortune and to converse with many men of sundry nations, ages, qualities, tempers, capacities, abilities, wits, humours, fashions, and customs (Aughterson).”

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952 Words | 4 Pages

She thought that being women influenced her today because she was painting pictures and selling it to a lot of different people. Also, her life influence has been charted in a handful of excellent works, including Etheridge’s essay, Kim Todd’s, Chrysalis: Maria Sibylla Merian and the Secrets of the Metamorphosis, and Mark Lard's, A Natural History of English Gardening (Wulf, Andrea). She inspired other women because when she got her daughter she started a series in 1675-1680. In 1699 at age 52, she started searching for exotic plants and insects. She also went on a dangerous trip with her younger daughter to the Dutch colony of Suriname(“National Museum of Women in the Arts”).

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1890 Words | 8 Pages

This book is a well-researched non – fiction, history, science and feminism based biography that talks of the phenomenal true story of 3 black female - Katherine Johnson, Dorothy Vaughan and Mary Johnson- mathematicians at NASA. It unleashes how their calculations and brilliance helped fuel and shape mankind’s greatest achievements in the space race. As well astronomically talented female mathematicians – in an unjust atmosphere of ugly patriarchal system, inequality and segregation- it wasn’t easy as they went given the titles and pay they deserved. To feminism this isn’t just a biography but rather a collection of steps and ideologies aimed at defining political, economic and social justice for women – dealing from all angles with the feminist theory.

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1099 Words | 5 Pages

She is a well-educated, attractive woman and yet, in America, she is considered unmarriageable because of the unintended intimidation her knowledge brings forth. She can’t understand why men would not want to find a woman with whom they can carry on an intelligent, meaningful conversation and still be physically attracted to. She knows that once this inferiority complex is gotten past, women will start to excel in all different fields (7, 8). The intense passion of her message in Women in the 19th Century blows away both her male and female audience

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2108 Words | 9 Pages

In the 1950s and 1960s, women in patriarchal societies were forced to conform to stereotypes and oppression as a result of their sex. Many women in this time accept the stereotypes such as that women are unintelligent and weak. In Bonnie Garmus’ Lessons In Chemistry, Elizabeth Zott is an example of a woman who ignores these obstacles and does not conform to this status quo. Through her partner Calvin Evans, Elizabeth discovers a passion for rowing.

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910 Words | 4 Pages

The Age of Absolutism is defined as a time period in Europe in which monarchs gained all of the power and wealth over the state for themselves, expanding the idea of single rule. The Enlightenment, on the other hand, is defined as a movement during the 18th century that rejected traditional social, religious, and political ideas, and introduced a desire to construct governments free of tyranny (or single rule). Document 3, a primary source written by King Louis XIV of France in 1660, is describing the idea of monarchy stating,“ The more you grant . . . [to the assembled people], the more it claims . . . The interest of the state must come first” (Document 3).

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432 Words | 2 Pages

Madame du Chatelet was highly intellectually gifted women from the aristocracy with a passion for science. She studied

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859 Words | 4 Pages

The Enlightenment was a time during the 17th and 18th century in Europe when the ideas of philosophers about an ideal government and human nature in society were being developed. Although women did not have equal rights as men, women did have the power to influence ideas during the Enlightenment. This is because they took on several roles as leaders, where they had chances and opportunities to act as philosophers and share their new ideas on the society of France. In Salons, high class parties during the Enlightenment that was a place for nobles, and their intellectuals to share their opinions and have conversations with one another was where both men and women were invited to participate and exchange ideas.

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104 Words | 1 Pages

The shifting borderlines in Barbauld 's writings between persistence on knowledge for all and acceptance of feminine boundaries epitomize her culture 's ambiguities about nature, gender, and knowledge. Women could and did pursue natural history in its descriptive, aesthetic, and non invasive modes; they became serious students of science, taught the young, and produced successful books for general readers. But women were not encouraged to become experimental or theoretical scientists, the producers and "shapers" of new knowledge. Barbauld 's very phrasing is suggestive: as she writes in A Legacy for Young Ladies, women were "excused" from the professions, but "nothing [would] excuse" them from their domestic

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1004 Words | 5 Pages

Throughout the 16th century Reformation through the Enlightenment in the 18th century, was a period of time that saw both change and continuation in European society. One of the biggest examples of this was the role of women and how they should function in European society. Women in this era faced a large amount of hardships and obstacles from great leaders and philosophers such as Martin Luther and Immanuel Kant, who were both against the equality of women to men at this time. From the time period of the 16th century Reformation all the way up to the Enlightenment in the 18th century, the women of Europe were viewed as fragile and unworkable women whose main priority and purpose should only be being a housewife. As time progressed, women

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1906 Words | 8 Pages

Introduction In 17th century, Isaac Newton and Rene Descartes are not only known to have simply disagreed on their scientific theories, but also to strongly disagreeing on the basic method of developing theories. While Descartes deduced physics from axioms, Newton induced his laws from observational evidence. The Age of Reason of the 17th Century and the Age of Enlightenment, a century later along with the great advances in science, the growth of religious tolerance and the rise of liberalism marked the real beginning of modern philosophy.

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