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Economic And Social Changes In The American System Between 1812-1860

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Following the War of 1812, and contrary to the America that Jefferson envisioned, the United States entered a period of economic growth with robust international trade, busy markets, and commerce (Schultz, 2013). During this time period, referred to as the American System, the focus was placed on the production of American goods, as well as retaining those items in the United States (Schultz, 2013). Additionally, the success of this system generated many economic and social changes that became known as the Market Revolution (Schultz, 2013).
As a result of the imposed taxes on imported items, internal improvements, and the establishment of a national bank, the American System led into the Market Revolution (Schultz, 2013). During the period of time from 1812-1860, three major changes prompted the Market Revolution. First, The Transportation and Communications Revolution enabled people to move their goods from one area to another at a much faster speed and at a more profitable margin (Schultz, 2013). Roadways, canals, steamboats, and railroads allowed goods to be transported much faster to markets throughout the country. In addition, at the same time that transportation was …show more content…

People began to settle in the cities and oftentimes those were located near waterways (Schultz, 2013). With factory development and market expansion, urbanization was a slow process (Schultz, 2013). Requiring wood as a source of power for railroads and steamboats, as well as clearing land as people moved west, had dramatic environmental effects (Schultz, 2013). With the development of factories, the labor force changed in that oftentimes, women worked in the factories (Schultz, 2013). During this time the development of the working class and the middle class was set apart (Schultz, 2013). Rising protests on working and living conditions also occurred as changes during this period of time (Schultz,

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Americans took advantage of the new changes in communication, transportation, manufacturing, and technology. They used the advances to produce profitable manufacture goods that could be sold which boosted the economy. The new development of the Market Revolution changed the lives of Americans. Watson states that the Market Revolution “intensify the impact of capitalism on the lives n ordinary Americans” (28). The effects of the Market Revolution led to economic inequalities and a threat to America liberty.

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John Lauritz Larson the professor of history at Purdue University explores the captivating consequences that result from the market revolution in early America. With a passion for the matter and creative thinking, his research leads him to unanticipated consequences that plunge Americans with the transition to capitalism that relates economic change to the liberty and self-determination of individuals. According to Larson, there are remnants that are still relevant in history today. The mass industrial democracy that is placed in the modern United States bears very little resemblance to the past which was a simple agrarian republic. All because of the market revolution, the transformation resulting in the tangled foundation we know today

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The 1800’s were a time of widespread growth due to the Industrial Revolution which introduced new manufacturing processes and tools, greatly increasing productivity. As the 19th century came to an end, the Industrial Revolution enforced government intervention into the market place righting wrongs that had come to fruition. Among these interventions were the Sherman Act of 1890, the Greenbacks over the Gold Standard, 1862 and the Interstate Commerce Act, 1887. Even though the United States practiced in a free market, these government interventions moved to reinstate economic opportunities and to correct inequalities in the American economic markets. At first with the widespread Industrial Revolution, everyone encouraged the growth of

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The market revolution had a tremendous impact on many regions in the U.S., most notably the South and Northeast. The market revolution is a term used by historians to describe the expansion of the marketplace that occurred between 1815 and 1830, prompted mainly by major transportation improvements and various unique inventions to connect distant communities together for the first time. The South developed and thrived mainly from the cotton gin and the expansion of slavery. The Northeast flourished and bloomed from the factory system, interchangeable parts, transportation improvements, and women in the work force. The market revolution impact on the South and Northeast brought about widespread economic growth yet affected the regions differently, the South shifted from subsistence farming to commercial farming and the Northeast grew in mechanization and industrialization.

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Factory workers started to produce more consumer goods and transport them because they became in high demand. Another way the new transportation effected the economy is it made it easier for people to travel from one place to another. This is how people started moving towards the East coast to the West coast. Many of these people were immigrants from Germany and Ireland which started to lead to tension and violence between one another. (pg. 264)

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The market revolution, which started in 1815, transformed worker lives, and improved the nation vastly; although it also dropped the economy as well. The traditional market, which was based upon power generated by animals and water, was slow in activities such as transportation. The growing nation underwent peace, which then catalyzed the reform of the organization of the economy. As such, transportation was heavily improved upon, along with manufacturing, banking, and commercial law. However, there were also two panics during the time that occurred that led to many Americans who were anxious and uncertain about working in the country.

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Steamboats affected industrialization by transporting goods faster. Before the steamboat, people relied on man power and the current to travel across rivers and lakes. This could mean days, weeks, and even months before goods could get from one location to another. With the steam boat traveling a steady rate of five miles per hour, transportation across bodies of water was reduced greatly.

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During the 19th century, the American people were experiencing a revolution concerning both the economy and religion, in what is recognized today as the Market Revolution and the Second Great Awakening. A rapid increase in the population within the countryside, and the development of new technology outburst a change in the economy from one of local exchanges to one governed by capital and capitalists. Family owned businesses began to expand and sold their items not only among a small community, but now products were being shipped to different ports along the colonies. The industrialization movement was rapidly approaching that “Indian removal was necessary for the opening of the vast American lands to agriculture, to commerce, to markets, to

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The Market Revolution was very important for the future of America because it introduced new technologies, mass production and changed the idea of working. This revolution was the beginning of people making goods to sell to others rather than just keeping them for themselves and they were able to make a profit off of this. The beginning of the modern industrial economy was due to new technology being created. This technology was used for transportation and communication. The new technology for shipping these items was better roads, steamboats, building more canals, and railroads.

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The U.S. was awash in an abundance of natural resources from its newly acquired territories, a growing supply of labor immigrating from Europe, and the migration of emancipated African Americans North and West, an expanding market for manufactured goods, and the availability of capital for investment. The Second Industrial Revolution took local communities and their new products out of the shadow of large regional agricultural based economies which was assisted by new labor forces and production techniques. During the Second Industrial Revolution, innovations in transportation, such as roads, steamboats, the Eerie Canal, and most notably railroads, linked

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Throughout American History, revolutions in transportation have affected the American society politically, socially and economically. Soon after the war of 1812, American nationalism increased which leads to a greater emphasis on national issues, the increase in power and prevalence of the national government and a growing sense of the American Identity. Railways, canals, and Turnpikes began to increase making many people employed. The era of 1830-1860 represents a shift from agrarianism to industrialism. Overall, during the transportation revolution, construction of turnpikes, roads, canals, and railroads led to the market economy expansion, an increased population in America and alternations of the physical landscape of America.

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Economic Change in America Change is relevant within every time period, however, very substantial changes took place in the Americas following the War of 1812. Future success of the American society was to be dictated by the support the federal government supplied to domestic manufacturing and infrastructure to make drastic improvements economically. The imposition of high tariffs, advancements in transportation and the development of the cotton gin are among the most important changes made in the United States during this time.

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The processes that made the Market Revolution of 1800-1840 possible were the spread of market relations, the movement of the population towards the West, and the rise of political democracy. The Market Revolution saw innovations in transportation and communication. For example, the telegraph, invented by Samuel F. B. Morse, made instantaneous communication possible. Moreover, the combination of the recently invented steamboats, railroads and telegraph lowered transportation costs, opened new land to settlements, and made it easier for enterprises to sell products. Additionally, the introduction of the railroads stimulated the market for coal, used as fuel, and for iron, used to build rails.

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The Market Revolution generated a drastic change in the United States economy and altered gender barriers while at the same time accomplishing this in a provocative manner. This economic boom occurred around the first half of the 19th Century. The economic boom was achieved by inventions such as a transcontinental railroad system which resulted in a better transportation system which improved trade and the cotton gin which sped up the rate of removing seeds from cotton fiber. However like what the great Hugo said, “The brutalities of progress are called revolutions. When they are over we realize this: that the human race has been roughly handled, but that it has advanced”.

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Between the year of 1865 and the year of 1920, the United States moved towards becoming a more industrialized and developing society. With this change taking place, resulted in improvement with how people live with family and earned money differently. The three major aspects of industrialization during the 1865 and 1920 that influenced the politics, economy and society of the United States are: entrepreneurship, technology, as well as transport and communication network. Entrepreneurship: the period after the Civil War from 1865 to 1920 was characterized by fast economic growth in the country.

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