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Epidemiology Of Sound Lab Report

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Introduction

For the perception of an organism senses are essential. It is important to interact with the environment and for survival. Several organs are specialized into a given sense, they individually contribute to it, whether it is sight, hearing, touch, smell or taste. Those five senses are the most common ones but several other senses exist, for example for temperature or for pain. In humans, the specialized organs, which have specialized cells, respond to particular stimuli.

Nowadays the ability to hear is decreasing considerably. “360 Millions people worldwide have disabling hearing loss” due to several factors such as hereditary, diseases, excessive noise or ageing. Excessive noise is an interesting factor, especially in our century, …show more content…

It is useful for distant warnings and communication. This is the detection of vibrations. It is a mechanical wave that travels through different mediums such as air or water but also through solids like in different metals. Sound wave travel through those mediums and they are created by vibration of object, which causes the air to vibrate as well. The vibrating air reaches the ear where the eardrums can start to vibrate and therefore the brain can interpret it as a sound. This process is done by the auditory system. Sound waves are put into graphs and the resulting curve is known as the “waveform” Even though the waveform is represented in two dimension, in real life this is three dimensional and it goes all around from its source. Waveform corresponds to a different air pressure. When the curve is high, the pressure is high in the air. On the other hand when the curve is low, the pressure is low. This is a pattern, which is interpreted as a sound by the …show more content…

The impedance is the change between two mediums. Vibrations have to defeat this impedance going trough the outer and middle ear, known as the sound conductive mechanism. “Vibration is poorly transmitted at the interface between two media which differ greatly in characteristic impedance (product of density of the medium and speed of sound within it, pc), as for example air and water.” The inner ear works perfectly well but sound connect go through the other parts to be transmitted to the brain. This type of hearing loss concerns all the frequencies, but much more on the lower

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2015). In Australia between nine and 12 children per 10,000 births will be born with a moderate or greater hearing loss in both ears and a further 23 children per 10,000 will acquire a hearing impairment that will require hearing aids by the age of 17 (Australian Hearing 2013). Within the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities it is estimated that 30-80% of indigenous children will suffer from some form of hearing loss. Ear disease and hearing impairments is a significant problem in developing countries and among many of the indigenous populations, especially in Australia (Burrow et al. 2009). Although middle ear disease or Otitis Media (OM), an inflammation of the middle ear, typically leads to conductive hearing loss there are rare cases leading to high frequency sensorineural hearing loss after repeated exposure (Burrow et al. 2009; American Speech-Language-Hearing Association [ASLHA]

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Another type of sound pattern that

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Hearing loss can be categorized by which part of the auditory system is damaged. There are three basic types of hearing loss is conductive hearing loss, sensorineural hearing loss, and mixed hearing loss. The degree of hearing loss refers to the severity of the loss. The common classification is normal, moderate and severe/profound. The configuration of hearing loss refers to the degree and pattern of hearing across frequencies.

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Charles Chesnutt’s The Marrow of Tradition, is one of the first novels to discuss racial tension in the Post-Civil War South. Even after the abolition of slavery, white citizens like Major Carteret, General Belmont, and Captain McBane will stop at nothing to maintain the superiority of the white race. Through the novel, Chesnutt closely juxtaposes certain characters, especially of the white and black race to express that the two peoples may not be as different as one would think. For the white’s perspective, they are horrified with threat that the black race is rising in social and economic power. Characters like Janet and Olivia, McBane and Josh Green, and Polly Ochiltree and Julia are all paired together by Chesnutt to express that when one

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The topic of cochlear implants is causing quite the argument between the deaf and medical community. The core of the disagreement centers around whether or not cochlear implantation should continue to be considered as an option for hearing impaired individuals to improve auditory ability.. According to the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association a cochlear implant is “a device that provides direct electrical stimulation to the auditory (hearing) nerve in the inner ear.” Proponents of cochlear implants claim that hose who are born with or later experience a problem with the sensory nerve of the inner ear have the opportunity to gain the ability to hearHowever, many are now arguing that this device is not as useful or healthy for the human ear as it has been said to be. Those who oppose cochlear implantation, namely the deaf community, view it as a threat to the deaf community and its culture.

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In Edison’s invention, the sound waves were recorded and engraved onto rotating discs and while the surface of the phonograph also rotated, a small device called a stylus mapped the channel, causing it to vibrate and copy the sound. The sound was then played through a horn (a vibrating body), which amplified the sound so that it was audible. The evolutions of musical instruments dates back to over 40,000 years ago and have continuously been developed in order to produce new and innovative sounds that have never been heard before and by the end of the 19th century, these innovations saw the first use of electronic devices to create sound and

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Light and sound are things that essentially almost every human being has access to to the experience. Light and sound have been observed since the 17th century and there is still even more to discover even today. Light has given us the opportunity to see around us and given advancements including the solar panels. Sound has also given us an opportunity to listen to noises around us like instead of always reading books now people can listen to them with Audiobooks, and people can also have speakers that can help with the intensity of the sound. Sound and light are combined in some cases similar a phone or a computer to give the light needed to see the screen and the sound to hear music and videos.

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The social isolation due to hearing loss and the lack of stimulation delivered through the ears to the brain are the major reasons for this connection. The people with untreated hearing loss are seen less healthy than those seeking the treatment. Emotions: A comparison of older adults using the hearing aids and the ones who are not, depict a significance difference in the general satisfaction and happiness in life. The people who did not treat their hearing loss issue were more likely to report sadness, depression, anxiety, worry, insecurity, less social activity and emotional turmoil.

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The mechanical vibrations transmitted through a medium; solid, liquid or a gas generates a sound wave. The sound is an energy, which deflects the particles of a medium in the same direction, and itself travel as a longitudinal waveform with areas of compression and rarefactions. The image generated by ultrasound is essentially based on similar principle by means of a machine, which includes an ultrasound transducer and a screen. The transducer contains a piezoelectric crystal made up of lead zirconite, which generates an ultrasound beam on applying an electrical current to the transducer. These signals travel through a medium in the body and after striking with various tissues, return back to the transducer.

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To start with, let’s briefly see how the ear works. Sound waves start by entering the outer ear; vibrations impact the ear drum after which they get transmitted immediately to the middle and inner ear. The inner ear contains a structure known as cochlear that is lined with microscopic hairs and filled with fluid. The fine hairs move with the vibrations converting the sound waves into nerve impulses. The sound we hear is a result

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