Essay On Construction Building

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION 1.1 GENERAL

Buildings and houses are one of the oldest construction activities of human beings. The construction technology has advanced since the beginning from primitive construction technology to the present concept of modern house buildings. The present construction methodology for buildings calls for the best asthetic look, high quality & fast construction, cost effective & innovative

Modern structures are much more complex and sophisticated as compared to earlier period.one of the major changes which are being felt by all is that the present structures are taller and thinner. Modern day requirement of structures is that these should be lighter yet not compromising on functionality. Civil engineering construction has seen a continual economic competition between steel, concrete and other construction materials.

1.2.1 Reinforced Cement Concrete Buildings

Reinforced concrete is concrete in which reinforcing bars have been integrated to improve one or more properties of the concrete. For many years, it has been utilized as an economical construction material in one form or another. A large part of its worldwide appeal is that the basic constituent materials cement, sand, aggregate, water and reinforcing bars are widely available and that it is possible to construct a structure using local sources of labour and materials.

1.2.2 Steel

Types can include office buildings, warehouses, or retail (i.e. convenience stores, 'big box' stores, shopping malls, etc.). In urban locations, a commercial building often combines functions, such as an office on levels 2-10, with retail on floor 1. When space allocated to multiple functions is significant, these buildings can be called multi-use. Local authorities commonly maintain strict regulations on commercial zoning, and have the authority to designate any zoned area as such. A business must be located in a commercial area or area zoned at least partially for