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Japan Tectonic Earthquakes

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EARTHQUAKES AND SEISMIC ZONES Japan has always had a history of experiencing tectonic movements and volcanic activities. The movements that were taking place during the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and even during the Tertiary times are still proceeding today. Earthquakes are too felt across the country at each and every part, as they accompany movements along the fault lines and volcanic activities. The conditions of seismicity in the Japanese Arc System are very intricately linked to the Plate Boundary Zones and the Active Fault Systems. The Kuril Trench delineates the loci of the Plate – Boundary earthquakes in Hokkaido. An active seismic zone is located inland, in the Foreland Thrust Zone of the Western Hidaka Mountains. The most active zone for …show more content…

In Japanese society people like to interact with nature. Nature plays a pivotal role in the Japanese traditions, culture, rituals, lifestyles, food, clothing and even their dwelling patterns and architectural structures. The physical conditions of the island nation along with its anthropogenic imprints leaves a mark on the type the Japanese have been changing their architecture to cope with the hardships nature provides them with. Japanese pattern of buildings and houses, the structures and the materials used have had a slow transformation through time from ancient civilizations to modern 21st century. However to say, much of the traditional Japanese architecture is not native to the country, but is borrowed and brought from the neighbors in China and Asian countries. But nonetheless, there are few indigenous patterns and techniques that are native to this archipelago …show more content…

Prior to this period, Japan did not have any religion as such. During the Asuka Period, Buddhism was brought in from China. People had migrated to Japan bringing in large scale ideas, thoughts, values and rituals to this country. Buddhist temples and monasteries were built in Japan. Religion had a profound impact on the changing architecture in the island country. Each temple complexes that were been built had taken into consideration the demands and the requirements of the monks, nuns and even the worshippers. The number of buildings inside each temple complex was erected in order to cater to the needs of the monks, nuns and the worshippers. Usually the complexes comprised of a pagoda, main hall, lecture hall, bell tower, repository room, dining room and dormitories. Earthen wall with two storied gate enclosed the entire temple compound on either sides. The main hall situated the object of worship, while the lecture hall was dedicated for the monks for

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Moreover, the Kanishka’s depiction of the Buddha on a gold coin shows how culture is influenced by the teachings of Buddhism (Doc 7). He was heavily influenced by the religion and was encouraged by the principles to make it spread throughout the country. The architectural form of Buddhism offers a view of its teachings these structures and

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Modulus: 1X Earth Science Name: Leroy (CHAN CHUNG YIU) Staff member in charge: Tim Dempster ID:2183820C Title: The April 1906 San Francisco Earthquake Introduction On April 18th, 1906, one of the worst natural disasters happened in the US history. This first major disaster which is recorded in human history with photography, has a 7.8 magnitude(USGS,2013).A subduction of the Pacific plates pulled into the San Andreas plates with the north-west direction, causing a 400 km(ECSC) rupture line. Huge energy is radiated out of the epicenter which was just 2 miles of west San Francisco, the intensity of the shaking nearly wiped out most of the buildings and structures with a duration of 110s(ECSC), affected around 370,000 square meters(NZH,1906).

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Interior of a temple As you enter into a temple each room is more sacred than the one before it. Ordinary ancient Egyptians may have been allowed to enter the courtyard on special festival days, but could go no further into the temple. A row of columns surrounds the courtyard. The columns in the next room have pating to look like plants. The ones in the center where the light shines, are open as though they are blooming in the sun.

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Japan is part of the pacific ring of fire, where tectonic plates causes volcanic activity and earthquakes. Japan only has about 20 percent of the land for agriculture. Japan had a temperate climate that doesn't suffer from extreme climate. The oceans and sea around Japan have an abundant of life and and plenty resource for food. The Jomon people began farming food crop in Japan.

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In addition, tsunamis have specific locations that they can take place in. For example, as the text states, “Tsunamis are most likely to occur on lands surrounding the Pacific Ocean” (Sanborn 62).This evidence shows that tsunamis usually start on the lands near the Pacific Ocean, this area is called the “Ring of Fire”. The “Ring of Fire” includes the western coastline of North and South America, the Aleutian Chain, and the eastern coastline of Asia to Japan. Tsunamis are most likely to occur in these locations because of the amount of movement in the tectonic plates in that area. To sum it up, tsunamis are massive series of waves that can be caused by earthquakes near or at the bottom of the Pacific

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However, peculiarities of the lithosphere of the city can scare the newcomer. The city of San Francisco is in a high seismic activity zone, as very close are faults the San - Andreas (along the San Francisco Peninsula) and Hayward (on the eastern side of the bay). Small tremors come here often enough, but twice throughout its history (1906 and 1989) the city suffered the earthquake damage. The territory of San Francisco is a difficult terrain, as it has about fifty hills.

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Culture is the culmination of a people’s beliefs, attitudes, values, and overall impressions of the world around them, and is not only expressed, but also preserved by language. Japanese culture, however, is especially distinct because during the Tokugawa period from 1603-1867, Japan was essentially isolated from the world, especially from Europe and the West. According to the Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern World, “the Tokugawa period now shines…as a golden age of peace and prosperity and is celebrated as the fullest expression of native Japanese culture.” Japanese culture has prominent roots in Shinto and Buddhism, the two main religions practiced in Japan, as well as the landscape of their islands, agriculture, and the importance of

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Two major religions make up Japan, Shinto and Buddhism. The Shinto religion arose first, whereas Buddhism was a result of radiating popular culture in the mainland around 600 CE. The two religions had a rough as the most powerful rival clans fought wars amongst each other defending their religious positions. When the Fujiwara clan accepted Buddhism, it proved that the Shinto and Buddhists had started influencing each other. The government capital was moved to Kyoto in 794 in order to distance the court from religious influence.

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Buddhism merged with the Japanese religion, Shintoism. Although Japan never took on a Chinese-style Confucian bureaucracy, Confucian values were used by the feudal elites of Japan to reinforce their social standings. Whereas Korea adopted a unified political structure based on China, Japan didn’t, and instead developed a decentralized feudal political structure that barely held their civilization together. The reasons for these differences were that Korea’s aristocracy saw political sinification as a way to increase their power, but in Japan, political sinification was resisted because they did not want to lose influence to a strong Japanese emperor. Korea emulated many aspects of China’s politics and culture. The Korean emperor used the bureaucracy to centralize his power.

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They have the same impact like secondary hazard. They are tsunamis, secondary hazard, that causes after the earthquake, tsunami had killed a lot of people and destroy area around there. The effect for Valdivia earthquake are too big so they’re traveled across to the Pacific Ocean and traveled along to the southern Chile, Hawaii, Philippine, Japan and etc, with the speed are over than 200 miles per hour. While the effect for Alaska is also big, that why this incident which is caused tsunami and massive landslides are also affect a lot in Canada to Hawaii.

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Identification and Evaluation of Sources The main purpose of this investigation is to successfully compare and contrast Buddhism and Shintoism in Ancient Japan. This is an important question to look into because it is necessary to analyze the similarities and differences in religions to get a better understanding of how religions can influence each other, and to see how religions can change over time from several environmental factors. In this investigation, the primary time period being investigated will be the 6th century (501-600 AD) to the modern day, and the place of focus will naturally be Japan. How do the beliefs, practices, and history of each religion relate or differ from each other?

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During the 15th century, the spread of the religion christianity began its spread across the world. It wasn't until 1547 that christianity would reach japan. Christianity in Japan spread in various phases, just like the other parts of the world were. The conversion to christianity began with the help of Francis Xavier. The development of christianity began with the christian missionaries that entered the nation of japan, later the missionaries tried to convert the japanese people to christianity using the school/ education systems, then develop churches.

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“To guard against external influence, they also worked to close off Japanese society from Westernizing influences, particularly Christianity. When the Tokugawa shogunate grew increasingly weak by the mid-19th century, two powerful clans joined forces in early 1868 to seize power as part of an “imperial restoration” named for Emperor Meiji.” This restoration was the beginning of the end of feudalism, or the way of structuring society around relationships derived from the holding of land in exchange for service or labour, in Japan. The Tokugawa regime acted to exclude missionaries because of suspicion of foreign intervention and colonialism. Eventually, they issued a complete ban on Christianity in Japan.

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The Japanese society happens to have formed around two major religions: Shinto and Mahayana Buddhism. While there are some traces of other religions in Japan, it is Shinto and Buddhism that have taken the major roles in developing the country as a whole. Of course it is in our western nature to compare these religions to those of which are popular in this country but it is simply not that easy. With Shintoism and Buddhism the ideas are very different from those of Islam, Christianity, or Judaism. In order to better understand both the country and the religions we cannot compare them to what is familiar but rather learn about their history, their traditions, and to what effect they have helped to create modern Japan.

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The Tohoku Earthquake was the most powerful earthquake recorded to have hit Japan. The earthquake was a magnitude 9.0 off the coasts of Japan that occurred at 2:46pm on Friday 11 March 2011, which triggered a powerful tsunami that reached the height up to 10.4 meters. A Japanese National Police Agency reported 15,889 deaths, 6,152 injured, and 2,601 people missing, 127,290 buildings totally collapse, 272,788 buildings half collapse, and another 747,989 buildings partially damaged. The Tohoku earthquake and tsunami caused severe structural damage in northeastern Japan, including heavy damage to roads, railways and dams, not to mention fires in many areas. It was the toughest and the most difficult crisis in Japan after the World War 2 leaving

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