Theories Of Moral Philosophy

Ethics (Moral Philosophy) Theories have long supported the notion about moral philosophy. Ethics or moral philosophy is the branch of philosophy that involves systematizing, defending and recommending concepts between the connection of right and wrong conduct. Moral philosophy already reigned from the ancient period yet still managed to retain its existence from the 20th century (contemporary period). It’s not really impossible for this theme to exist for such a long time for it actually talks about the standards on which human deeds can be judged from either right or wrong. In the Ancient Greek period, the philosophers thought on the right way to live their lives. A lot of questions popped into their minds which encouraged them into phi-losophizing

They came up with contradicting conclusions about morality. One of it was their stand about moral rules in the way which different communities also govern its people in different ways. For me, an example of which is that (The way how ‘community X’ govern its people is way too different with the way how ‘community Y’ govern its peo-ple; therefore the way how ‘community X’ govern its people is not and will never be applicable in the ‘community Y’). Sophists also believe that moral rules are unnatural because the Sophists noticed that people only obey the moral rules for the fact that they can only be judged afterwards if they would not follow it. My example for this theory is that: (The government said that piracy is a crime and that people must not commit this mistake, meanwhile, some people doesn’t really want to obey it but because of the fact that they would be put into jail for this crime then they would come up with the decision to just follow the moral rule, morality in this sense is really unnatural.) Sophists expanded the works of Socrates and Plato about the connection of knowledge and

For him, if our mind agreed with our voluntary actions to some law then it is considered as good but if our mind disagreed to it then it is considered as bad. Things that are good are those things which we are comfortable to deal with and things that are bad are those things that we could not fathom; pain and sorrows. In 19th century (late modern period) Moral philosophy is still a huge shot for the philosophers. Immanuel Kant demonstrated his thoughts about morality and rationality. For him as a rational being, one would not only ask for the right thing to do yet would also make a list on the things that he/she would want to attain in life or in other words, things that he/she would ought to do. For example; a teenager asked her mom on the things that she shall do in order to attain a great life yet she herself had already made some goals for herself. Those goals that she was aiming were the things that are considered good for the people according to Immanuel Kant. In his article about the moral postulates, Kant emphasized that freedom and morality are inseparably united all the time. A person can fully accept and do the moral acts for he/she has the freedom of will to do it. He also opened the topic about happiness. Yes, it’s true that virtue is the highest level of goodness in this world but because we are rational, we tend to enjoy virtue when it is connected to