1. Introduction
Bacteria form on one of the three domains by which organisms are divided. Bacteria are prokaryotic. Prokaryotes are singles celled organisms that lack a nucleus and membrane bound organelles. Prokaryotes are very diverse so cellular features vary widely but the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, circular DNA and ribosomes are the components found in all prokaryotic cells. Prokaryotes usually concentrate their DNA into an area called the nucleoid. Even though the structure of prokaryotic cells is much simpler than that of eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells are able to perform most of the cellular processes performed by eukaryotes.
The identification of bacteria has been essential since infection rates began to increase significantly in the developing world. The emergence of cities was accompanied by more cases of disease. Scientists begin to study microorganisms in order to avoid disease events such as the typhoid, small pox and cholera outbreaks. Research of microbiology evolved over time with the development of technology. Biochemical and molecular techniques have become vital in the identification of bacteria. The techniques have become—quicker, easier, affordable and accurate. Labs are now able to sequence bacterial DNA which has provided more information about microorganisms which
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PCR samples were prepared containing 4 µL of each PCR product and 1 µL of loading dye in a 0.5mL tube. The gel was loaded with 5 µL of the BioRad EZ Load 100 bp PCR Molecular Ruler to act as the ladder. Two wells were filled with 5 µL of the PCR samples. The electrophoresis chamber was sealed and allowed to operate for 45 mins at 100V. The gel was viewed under a UV transilluminatior and photographed for analysis. If the PCR sample could be viewed on the gel then the PCR product was purified before quantification and sequencing. Protocol followed as described in: Microbiology Lab Manual (Pearson, 2nd Custom Edition for