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Eukaryotic Cells Research Paper

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The Importance of DNA in cells

When you look at a baby and recognize how different is your hair or skin color from her, do you know the reason? Cells make up all livings things and they are the most basic unit of life. Humans have eukaryotic cells which make their organisation more complex than prokaryotes. An Eukaryotic cell is divided into organelles: cell membrane, cytoplasm, rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, mitochondria, lysosomes, cytoskeleton, centrosomes, cilia, flagella (Sperm cell), vacuoles and Nucleus. Every part acts according to its purpose. The nucleus carries the DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) and this contains the genetic instruction that an organism needs to develop, …show more content…

It is made up of nucleotides ( Adenine,Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine) that are connected together to form the double helix molecule. Transcription and translation happen, respectively, in the nucleus and in the ribosome to produce the protein. Similarly, these two activities make different products however, they all develop from the DNA located in the nucleus. According to the textbook, after the DNA strand breaks apart in our spot, the RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) copies all the genetic information to be delivered outside the nucleus for the rest of the formation of protein. With no doubt, this reports that DNA is at the head of the operation concerning proteins. It is the only macromolecule that is going to dictate the nature of the protein to be …show more content…

DNA coordinates all the transmission of the different genes through proteins. In the article Genetic: the study of heredity, the author states that An individual inherits one such unit for a trait from each parent ( Livescience, February 2013). This suggest that parents shares the same DNA with their children. Genes, passed down by parents, can affect the eye color or the behavior of their offsprings. During the pregnancy, the DNA of the foetus give information to his cells to produce a determine color of skin or eye similar to his father or mother depending on the dominant

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1. Nucleus- present only in eukaryotic cells, this structure stores most of the genetic information of the cell. The nucleus directs the production of proteins through the synthesis of mRNA. 2.

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Purpose: DNA, also known as deoxyribonucleic acid is found in all living organisms. It was what holds genetic information. DNA is a genetic code that is composed of four components adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine also referred to as bases. These components make-up DNA and form a double through the base pairing of adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine. Adenine is a purine nucleobase, a six-membered nitrogen ring fused to a five-membered nitrogen ring.

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In this course, we have studied the many characteristics of DNA which include that it is double helix that contains genetic material and it is kept stable by hydrogen bonds. DNA is made up of smaller units called nucleotides. In turn, each nucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a sugar and a nitrogenous base. DNA also include base pairing which is the 'copying' mechanism for DNA. In DNA, bases are the adenine base, which only pairs with a thymine

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Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a molecule found in all forms of life that is passed down from parents to offspring. What makes each DNA unique is the chemical makeup of the molecule sometimes referred to as the “blueprint of life.” (BIO). DNA is made up of nucleotides consisting of a sugar, a phosphate and a base pair. About six million nucleotide base pairs make up DNA in each cell.

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Figure 12.3 Eukaryotic chromosomes shows chromosomes that are stained purple in order to make visible the chromosomes of an African blood lily. The thin red lines in the cytoplasm are the cytoskeleton in a cell that is getting ready to divide. Chromosomes carry the genetic information for each organism. The chromosomes go through changes when cells divide in order to ensure the genetic information is passed to every cell in an organism.

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“Epigenetics is defined as the study of biological mechanisms that will switch genes on and off”. To understand this concept, one will need to know about genetics. A cell is the smallest unit of life and is often times referred to as the building blocks of life. According to the cell theory, all living things are made up of cells. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is used in growth, development, functioning, and reproduction for all living things.

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1. What is DNA? DNA i.e. Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid is a material in the human body that determines the hereditary traits of a person pertaining to hair colour, eye colour, skin, body structure, viability to diseases etc. DNA is located in the cells of the human body, wrapped in structures called chromosomes.

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DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the most important thing that makes us the way we are today. DNA is mostly stored inside the nucleus of our cells but some of it lies in the mitochondria of our cells too. The most important ability of DNA is that it has the ability to replicate quickly since our body is always going through cell division and every cell needs a strand of it. DNA was first discovered in the 1860’s by a swiss chemist known as Johann Friedrich Miescher. Like every other discovery on Earth, Miescher found DNA completely on accident.

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DNA is a complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosome. Genomes are the complete instructions for making an organism, consisting of all the genetic material in that organism’s

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The ability to reproduce and transfer genetic information is the most important and fundamental property of all living organisms. All genetic information that determines structure and function is inherited from parents to offspring. Similarly and on a more fundamental level, new cells arise from pre-existing cells, containing genetic information replicated and transferred from parents to progeny cells in the form of DNA. In this way, DNA forms the genetic basis and building blocks of life and represents a cornerstone of modern molecular biology knowledge. The following discussion provides an overview of DNA structure and its transfer mechanisms from one generation to another.

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On our DNA molecules are four components, which are called nucleotides. These nucleotides are adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine. The DNA molecules form a twisted ladder shape when the nucleotides pair together in long chains. Therefore, we inherit our traits from our parents, who have had passed down

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Cited from U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (Genetics Home Reference of the National Library of Medicine (NLM), 2017). DNA is known as a polymer made of up of a double helix structure formed by the nitrogenous based of adenine; guanine: cytosine and thymine included with a phosphate molecule and a deoxyribose sugar to form a nucleotide. DNA is located in the cell nucleus and the mitochondria. DNA is an important factor needed during the procedure of cloning, as a gene is extracted from the DNA molecule to be cloned or modified, which will benefit in curing of diseases and disabilities. Mind Action Series.

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DNA has a massive job of keeping you alive. In essence, a microscopic strand of genes support your entire body and life. There are many smaller jobs protein has to accomplish that combine to accomplish the main job of supporting life. To start, DNA codes for proteins and every protein provide an essential biological function. Also, cells make up tissues, organs, and body systems.

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- Where DNA can be found and the role does DNA play in heredity?-DNA is found in every cell within the nucleus (Eukaryotic cells) apart from blood cells. Chromosomes are made up of thin strands of (DNA). Each chromosome pair contains thousands of genes. The human genome is made up of about 3 billion chemical bases that are arranged in patterns similar to individual letters arranged into sentences. (Professor Stuart E. Ravnik Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center).

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