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Explain Why The Divide And Go Through The Cell Cycle

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Cells divide and go through the cell cycle for multiple different reasons essential to plants and humans. One main reason is to cause cells to grow; organism don’t grow because cells get bigger, organism grow because of cells dividing to produce more and more cells. Another reason is that new cells repair damaged tissue, cells, and organs. Cells can only come from preexisting cells, so in order for the body to repair damage, cells need to divide and spread out to repair damaged areas. The final reason is for reproduction; organisms would die if they gave all of their cells towards reproductive efforts and their spawn, so they divide their own cells for this effort. Mitosis works to produce two daughter cells for the body for growth and reproductive …show more content…

The first stage of mitosis is prophase, which can be remembered with the phrase “package”. During this phase, the cell packages its materials and makes them smaller. During prophase, chromosomes become visible as well as shorten and thicken, the nucleolus breaks down, the nuclear envelope disappears, and the mitotic spindle forms. Each of the chromosomes during this phase is seen as a pair of sister chromatids joined by a centromere. The next stage of mitosis is metaphase, which can be remembered with the phrase “middle.” During this phase, the daughter chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell. These chromosomes are attached to spindle fibers. The next phase of mitosis is anaphase, which can be remembered with the phrase “apart”. During this phase, the chromosomes break at the centromere and the sister chromatids start to pull apart and move to opposite poles of the spindle. The next phase in the cycle is telophase, which can be remembered with the phrase “tear”. During this phase, the chromosomes reach the opposite ends of the cell. The nuclear envelope and nucleolus start to reform and the cell begins to furrow and form two cells. Once the cell reaches telophase, it soon begins cytokinesis, the final stage of mitosis. Cytokinesis can be remembered with the term “complete” because it is the final step in mitosis. During this phase, the cell actually separates into the two final daughter cells. This final separation is mostly the division of the cytoplasm. These final two daughter cells are genetically identical to the original two parent

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This alignment of chromosome axes leads to the formation of a meiosis-specific chromatin structure, the synaptonemal complex, which assembles along each pair of homologous chromosomes as cells progress to the pachytene stage of prophase. Efficient crossover formation depends on synaptonemal complex formation during meiosis. Thus, each pair of homologous chromosomes must engage into synapsis to ensure correct chromosome segregation during the first meiotic division and to prevent generation of gametes with incorrect chromosome sets. Accordingly, asynapsis is monitored during meiosis, and persistent asynapsis seems to trigger elimination of meiocytes in mammals. Survaillance mechanisms that eliminate asynaptic meiocytes involve the recruitment of ATR activity specifically to unsynapsed chromosome regions.

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This transformation to totipotency is intricate, not completely comprehended and the subject of late research. Investigate in 2011 has demonstrated that cells may separate not into a completely totipotent cell, but rather into a "complex cell variety" of totipotency. Immature microorganisms looking like totipotent blastomeres from 2-cell organize fetuses can emerge suddenly in the embryonic foundational microorganism societies and furthermore can be actuated to emerge all the more much of the time in vitro through down-direction of the chromatin gathering action of CAF-1.The human advancement model is one which can be utilized to portray how totipotent cells emerge. Human improvement starts when a sperm treats an egg and the subsequent prepared egg makes a solitary totipotent cell, a zygot. In cell science, pluripotency (from the Latin plurimus, which means a lot of, and potens, which means having power) alludes to a foundational microorganism that can possibly separate into any of the three germ layers: endoderm inside stomach lining, gastrointestinal tract, the lungs, mesoderm muscle, bone, blood, urogenital, or ectoderm epidermal tissues and

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Introduction: This lab report outlines an experiment on the observation of mitosis in the cells of garlic root tips. Mitosis simply put is the division of a nucleus producing two daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Miotic cell division consists of five stages: Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase and Telophase. The purpose of this experimet was to identify and observe cells within each stage of mitosis using garlic root tip cells.

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Meiosis II uses the cells from meiosis I, but in the second division the sister chromatids separate, unlike the first division. In both divisions, the cells go through four stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During prophase I,

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